What makes dye cells tick, or kick the bucket? Injection, regeneration, and collection efficiencies in new, old, dry, and wet dye sensitized solar cells

DSC electrolytes tolerant of water are demonstrate (figure 1). Some with surprising stability (figure 2). TAS data of complete cells allows determination of the rate constants for regeneration of S+ and electron recombination with S+ (figure 3). Luminescence lifetime (figure 4) of a large variety of cells, light soaked or thermally treated, indicate that the photocurrent can be explained by slow injection. We address diffusion length, its definition, determination, and relation to the empirical optimum thickness for DSCs.