Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cancer as a Risk Factor for Anal Cancer: A Review

Andreia Albuquerque; Colleen K. Stockdale; Debra Heller; Jacob Bornstein; Jennifer M. Roberts; Mario Preti; I. Mary Poynten; Pedro Vieira-Baptista

doi:10.1097/lgt.0000000000000631

Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cancer as a Risk Factor for Anal Cancer: A Review

Andreia Albuquerque, Colleen K. Stockdale, Debra Heller, Jacob Bornstein, Jennifer M. Roberts, Mario Preti, I. Mary Poynten, Pedro Vieira-Baptista

Bar-Ilan University - Azrieli Faculty of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) has a higher incidence described in certain groups, namely, in women with vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (vHSILs) and/or human papillomavirus squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). This review describes terminology, vHSIL, and VSCC in their association with ASCC and the published recommendations for early detection of this cancer in these women. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted by the authors on vHSIL and VSCC as risk factors for ASCC. Results: The ASCC and VSCC incidence are increasing. Women with vHSIL and/or VSCC can present with ASCC at diagnosis, being one of the highest-risk groups. Suspicious symptoms include rectal bleeding, pain, and a sensation of an anal mass. Digital anorectal examination can help detect early ASCC. Sensitivity of anal cytology in women with vHSIL and VSCC seems low, with the exception of immunosuppressed women with genital neoplasia (cervix, vagina, and vulva). There are still insufficient data on high-resolution anoscopy in women with vHSIL and/or VSCC as a screening method. Conclusions: Clinicians need be aware that women with vHSIL and VSCC comprise one of the highest-risk groups for ASCC. Inquiring suggestive symptoms of ASCC and a digital anorectal examination can help in the early detection of this type of cancer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	32-37
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
Volume	26
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0000000000000631
State	Published - 1 Jan 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 ASCCP.

Funding

J.B. reports research grants from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (MSD), a subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc (Kenilworth, NJ). I.M.P. received travel funding from Seqiris. P.V.-B. was an investigator for Seegene and received speaker fees from Seegene, Merck, Gedeon-Richter, and Roche. The other authors have declared they have no conflicts of interest. J.B. reports research grants from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (MSD), a subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc (Kenilworth, NJ). I.M.P. received travel funding from Seqiris. P.V.-B. was an investigator for Seegene and received speaker fees from Seegene, Merck, Gedeon-Richter, and Roche. The other authors have declared they have no conflicts of interest.

Funders	Funder number
Roche
Merck Sharp and Dohme

Keywords

anal squamous cell carcinoma
high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
human papillomavirus
screening
vulvar squamous cell carcinoma
women

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1097/lgt.0000000000000631

Cite this

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title = "Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cancer as a Risk Factor for Anal Cancer: A Review",

abstract = "Objectives: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) has a higher incidence described in certain groups, namely, in women with vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (vHSILs) and/or human papillomavirus squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). This review describes terminology, vHSIL, and VSCC in their association with ASCC and the published recommendations for early detection of this cancer in these women. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted by the authors on vHSIL and VSCC as risk factors for ASCC. Results: The ASCC and VSCC incidence are increasing. Women with vHSIL and/or VSCC can present with ASCC at diagnosis, being one of the highest-risk groups. Suspicious symptoms include rectal bleeding, pain, and a sensation of an anal mass. Digital anorectal examination can help detect early ASCC. Sensitivity of anal cytology in women with vHSIL and VSCC seems low, with the exception of immunosuppressed women with genital neoplasia (cervix, vagina, and vulva). There are still insufficient data on high-resolution anoscopy in women with vHSIL and/or VSCC as a screening method. Conclusions: Clinicians need be aware that women with vHSIL and VSCC comprise one of the highest-risk groups for ASCC. Inquiring suggestive symptoms of ASCC and a digital anorectal examination can help in the early detection of this type of cancer.",

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AU - Bornstein, Jacob

AU - Roberts, Jennifer M.

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Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cancer as a Risk Factor for Anal Cancer: A Review

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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