Utopijna nadzieja na to, co pozytywne

The author discusses Gershom Scholem's specific understanding of religious anarchy, the concept inspired by Martin Buber's thought, and the role the anarchic position plays in the history of the Jewish nation and in its interpretation. She shows Scholem's religious anarchism as dialectically uniting two contrasting yet complementary contexts: the context of historical observation that views the overt reality without bias, and that of metaphysical observation that reveals the signals of transcendence present in reality. This allows Scholem, in the author's view, to understand the past as an arena in which transcendent forces are active, and simultaneously to perceive the Jewish tradition as a reservoir of 'materials' from which the 'affirmative,' i.e., the new utopian order, will be constructed.