Understanding how excess lead iodide precursor improves halide perovskite solar cell performance

Byung wook Park; Nir Kedem; Michael Kulbak; Do Yoon Lee; Woon Seok Yang; Nam Joong Jeon; Jangwon Seo; Geonhwa Kim; Ki Jeong Kim; Tae Joo Shin; Gary Hodes; David Cahen; Sang Il Seok

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w

Understanding how excess lead iodide precursor improves halide perovskite solar cell performance

Byung wook Park, Nir Kedem, Michael Kulbak, Do Yoon Lee, Woon Seok Yang, Nam Joong Jeon, Jangwon Seo, Geonhwa Kim, Ki Jeong Kim, Tae Joo Shin, Gary Hodes, David Cahen, Sang Il Seok

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

286 Scopus citations

Abstract

The presence of excess lead iodide in halide perovskites has been key for surpassing 20% photon-to-power conversion efficiency. To achieve even higher power conversion efficiencies, it is important to understand the role of remnant lead iodide in these perovskites. To that end, we explored the mechanism facilitating this effect by identifying the impact of excess lead iodide within the perovskite film on charge diffusion length, using electron-beam-induced current measurements, and on film formation properties, from grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on our results, we propose that excess lead iodide in the perovskite precursors can reduce the halide vacancy concentration and lead to formation of azimuthal angle-oriented cubic α-perovskite crystals in-between 0° and 90°. We further identify a higher perovskite carrier concentration inside the nanostructured titanium dioxide layer than in the capping layer. These effects are consistent with enhanced lead iodide-rich perovskite solar cell performance and illustrate the role of lead iodide.

Original language	English
Article number	3301
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	9
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w
State	Published - 17 Aug 2018
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, The Author(s).

Funding

This work was supported by the Global Frontier R&D Program for Multiscale Energy System (NRF-2011-0031565), the Climate Change Program (NRF-2015M1A2A2056542), and the Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2017R1D1A1B03029832) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT). This work was also financially supported by a brand project (1.180043.01) of UNIST and Ulsan city (1.180030.01). The Weizmann Institute authors thank Dana and Yossie Hollander via the Weizmann Institute’s Sustainability and Energy Research Initiative and the Israel Ministry of Science for partial support. D.C. held the Sylvia and Rowland Schaefer Chair in Energy Research. We thank Gyeong-Ae Lee and Sun Yi Lee for partial supporting to conduct HR-TEM and FIB sampling of HaP samples in UCRF.

Funders	Funder number
Global Frontier R&D Program for Multiscale Energy System	NRF-2011-0031565, NRF-2015M1A2A2056542, NRF-2017R1D1A1B03029832
Ministry of Science and ICT	1.180043.01
Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology	1.180030.01
National Research Foundation of Korea
Ministry of science and technology, Israel

Access to Document

10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w

Cite this

@article{936d62229fe048f79d2870381856ce70,

title = "Understanding how excess lead iodide precursor improves halide perovskite solar cell performance",

abstract = "The presence of excess lead iodide in halide perovskites has been key for surpassing 20% photon-to-power conversion efficiency. To achieve even higher power conversion efficiencies, it is important to understand the role of remnant lead iodide in these perovskites. To that end, we explored the mechanism facilitating this effect by identifying the impact of excess lead iodide within the perovskite film on charge diffusion length, using electron-beam-induced current measurements, and on film formation properties, from grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on our results, we propose that excess lead iodide in the perovskite precursors can reduce the halide vacancy concentration and lead to formation of azimuthal angle-oriented cubic α-perovskite crystals in-between 0° and 90°. We further identify a higher perovskite carrier concentration inside the nanostructured titanium dioxide layer than in the capping layer. These effects are consistent with enhanced lead iodide-rich perovskite solar cell performance and illustrate the role of lead iodide.",

author = "Park, {Byung wook} and Nir Kedem and Michael Kulbak and Lee, {Do Yoon} and Yang, {Woon Seok} and Jeon, {Nam Joong} and Jangwon Seo and Geonhwa Kim and Kim, {Ki Jeong} and Shin, {Tae Joo} and Gary Hodes and David Cahen and Seok, {Sang Il}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, The Author(s).",

year = "2018",

month = aug,

day = "17",

doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "9",

journal = "Nature Communications",

issn = "2041-1723",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Understanding how excess lead iodide precursor improves halide perovskite solar cell performance

AU - Park, Byung wook

AU - Kedem, Nir

AU - Kulbak, Michael

AU - Lee, Do Yoon

AU - Yang, Woon Seok

AU - Jeon, Nam Joong

AU - Seo, Jangwon

AU - Kim, Geonhwa

AU - Kim, Ki Jeong

AU - Shin, Tae Joo

AU - Hodes, Gary

AU - Cahen, David

AU - Seok, Sang Il

PY - 2018/8/17

Y1 - 2018/8/17

N2 - The presence of excess lead iodide in halide perovskites has been key for surpassing 20% photon-to-power conversion efficiency. To achieve even higher power conversion efficiencies, it is important to understand the role of remnant lead iodide in these perovskites. To that end, we explored the mechanism facilitating this effect by identifying the impact of excess lead iodide within the perovskite film on charge diffusion length, using electron-beam-induced current measurements, and on film formation properties, from grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on our results, we propose that excess lead iodide in the perovskite precursors can reduce the halide vacancy concentration and lead to formation of azimuthal angle-oriented cubic α-perovskite crystals in-between 0° and 90°. We further identify a higher perovskite carrier concentration inside the nanostructured titanium dioxide layer than in the capping layer. These effects are consistent with enhanced lead iodide-rich perovskite solar cell performance and illustrate the role of lead iodide.

AB - The presence of excess lead iodide in halide perovskites has been key for surpassing 20% photon-to-power conversion efficiency. To achieve even higher power conversion efficiencies, it is important to understand the role of remnant lead iodide in these perovskites. To that end, we explored the mechanism facilitating this effect by identifying the impact of excess lead iodide within the perovskite film on charge diffusion length, using electron-beam-induced current measurements, and on film formation properties, from grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on our results, we propose that excess lead iodide in the perovskite precursors can reduce the halide vacancy concentration and lead to formation of azimuthal angle-oriented cubic α-perovskite crystals in-between 0° and 90°. We further identify a higher perovskite carrier concentration inside the nanostructured titanium dioxide layer than in the capping layer. These effects are consistent with enhanced lead iodide-rich perovskite solar cell performance and illustrate the role of lead iodide.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85051648676&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w

DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-05583-w

M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???

C2 - 30120225

AN - SCOPUS:85051648676

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 9

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

IS - 1

M1 - 3301

ER -

Understanding how excess lead iodide precursor improves halide perovskite solar cell performance

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this