Towards digital twins of fusion systems

F. Jenko; J. Ball; D. Borodin; C. Bourdelle; G. Ciraolo; J. E. Cook; J. M. García-Regaña; T. Görler; M. Hoelzl; F. Imbeaux; J. Loizu; D. Matveev; A. Mishchenko; E. Nardon; P. Tamain; D. Told

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ae8037

Towards digital twins of fusion systems

F. Jenko
, J. Ball
, D. Borodin
, C. Bourdelle
, G. Ciraolo
, J. E. Cook
, J. M. García-Regaña
, T. Görler
, M. Hoelzl
, F. Imbeaux
, J. Loizu
, D. Matveev
, A. Mishchenko
, E. Nardon
, P. Tamain
, D. Told

Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Jülich Research Centre
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
CIEMAT

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Bridging the gap to next-step devices—while saving valuable time and resources—requires more than semi-empirical models, which struggle to predict plasma behavior in unexplored parameter regimes. Instead, validated simulation tools are essential, leveraging high-fidelity exascale computing and multi-fidelity models, including AI-based surrogates. To address these challenges, the ‘EUROfusion Theory and Advanced Simulation Coordination (E-TASC)’ initiative was launched in 2021. It includes 15 TSVV (Theory, Simulation, Verification, and Validation) projects supported by five Advanced Computing Hubs. This ‘team of teams’ has made substantial progress toward developing digital twins of fusion systems, with key scientific achievements to be presented in the paper. This includes the following topical areas: core performance in burning plasmas, magnetohydrodynamic transients, L–H transitions and ELM-free regimes, plasma exhaust, and plasma–wall interactions—with applications to both tokamaks and stellarators.

Original language	English
Article number	116014
Journal	Nuclear Fusion
Volume	66
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ae8037
State	Published - Nov 2026
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the IAEA. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Keywords

digital twin
simulation
stellarator
tokamak

Access to Document

10.1088/1741-4326/ae8037

Cite this

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title = "Towards digital twins of fusion systems",

abstract = "Bridging the gap to next-step devices{\textemdash}while saving valuable time and resources{\textemdash}requires more than semi-empirical models, which struggle to predict plasma behavior in unexplored parameter regimes. Instead, validated simulation tools are essential, leveraging high-fidelity exascale computing and multi-fidelity models, including AI-based surrogates. To address these challenges, the {\textquoteleft}EUROfusion Theory and Advanced Simulation Coordination (E-TASC){\textquoteright} initiative was launched in 2021. It includes 15 TSVV (Theory, Simulation, Verification, and Validation) projects supported by five Advanced Computing Hubs. This {\textquoteleft}team of teams{\textquoteright} has made substantial progress toward developing digital twins of fusion systems, with key scientific achievements to be presented in the paper. This includes the following topical areas: core performance in burning plasmas, magnetohydrodynamic transients, L{\textendash}H transitions and ELM-free regimes, plasma exhaust, and plasma{\textendash}wall interactions{\textemdash}with applications to both tokamaks and stellarators.",

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AU - Cook, J. E.

AU - García-Regaña, J. M.

AU - Görler, T.

AU - Hoelzl, M.

AU - Imbeaux, F.

AU - Loizu, J.

AU - Matveev, D.

AU - Mishchenko, A.

AU - Nardon, E.

AU - Tamain, P.

AU - Told, D.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the IAEA. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

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N2 - Bridging the gap to next-step devices—while saving valuable time and resources—requires more than semi-empirical models, which struggle to predict plasma behavior in unexplored parameter regimes. Instead, validated simulation tools are essential, leveraging high-fidelity exascale computing and multi-fidelity models, including AI-based surrogates. To address these challenges, the ‘EUROfusion Theory and Advanced Simulation Coordination (E-TASC)’ initiative was launched in 2021. It includes 15 TSVV (Theory, Simulation, Verification, and Validation) projects supported by five Advanced Computing Hubs. This ‘team of teams’ has made substantial progress toward developing digital twins of fusion systems, with key scientific achievements to be presented in the paper. This includes the following topical areas: core performance in burning plasmas, magnetohydrodynamic transients, L–H transitions and ELM-free regimes, plasma exhaust, and plasma–wall interactions—with applications to both tokamaks and stellarators.

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Towards digital twins of fusion systems

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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