@article{b6e4c77652c14a2db1c64ad98b8d3976,
title = "Topical and oral administration of the natural water-soluble antioxidant from spinach reduces the multiplicity of papillomas in the Tg.AC mouse model",
abstract = "The Tg.AC mouse carrying the v-Ha-ras structural gene is a useful model for the study of chemical carcinogens, especially those acting via non-genotoxic mechanisms. This study evaluated the efficacy of the non-toxic, water-soluble antioxidant from spinach, natural antioxidant (NAO), in reducing skin papilloma induction in female hemizygous Tg.AC mice treated dermally five times over 2.5 weeks with 2.5 μg 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The TPA-only group was considered as a control; the other two groups received, additionally, NAO topically (2 mg) or orally (100 mg/kg), 5 days/week for 5 weeks. Papilloma counts made macroscopically during the clinical observations showed a significant decrease in multiplicity (P < 0.01) in the NAO topically treated group. According to histological criteria, papilloma multiplicity were lower in both topical-NAO and oral-NAO groups, but significantly so only in the oral-NAO mice (P < 0.01). The beneficial effect of NAO in the Tg.AC mouse is reported.",
keywords = "Natural antioxidant, Papilloma, Skin, Tg.AC mouse, Transgenic",
author = "Abraham Nyska and Liat Lomnitski and Judson Spalding and Dunson, \{David B.\} and Goldsworthy, \{Thomas L.\} and Shlomo Grossman and Margalit Bergman and Gary Boorman",
year = "2001",
month = may,
day = "31",
doi = "10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00345-9",
language = "אנגלית",
volume = "122",
pages = "33--44",
journal = "Toxicology Letters",
issn = "0378-4274",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
number = "1",
}