The Role of Nutrients in PCOS: An Exploration of Key Nutrients and Their Impact on PCOS Symptoms

PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is a complex and diversified condition encompassing several pathological features such as metabolic, endocrine, reproductive, and psychological components. The pathophysiology of PCOS is largely attributed to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, although the exact cause of the condition is still unknown despite its widespread occurrence. Changing one’s diet, adding exercise, and using nutritional supplementation therapy are common therapeutic approaches. Although obesity is frequently linked to PCOS in women, a sizable proportion of slim people also have PCOS. There are clear differences in body composition and other metrics, even if both groups share some metabolic traits. In this study, the objective is to examine literature survey that evaluates the impact of nutrients, such as PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids), isoflavonoids, resveratrol, vitamin D, and inositol, on the hormonal and metabolic dysregulation linked to PCOS. Six hundred seventy-eight articles are extracted from the database, and finally 33 articles are selected after the rigorous analysis. Additionally, based on the literature review, important investigations are highlighted, offering insights for future research directions. Additionally, this study investigates the methods and potential directions for providing these nutrients as supplements to people with PCOS. This study summarizes current research and highlights the therapeutic potential of certain nutrients, such as minerals, vitamins, and substances that resemble vitamins, in treating pathways caused by PCOS. Further, artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) techniques are utilized to customize nutrient recommendations for women diagnosed with PCOS, aiding in personalized dietary plans aimed at managing symptoms and regulating metabolic imbalances.