The long-term associations of childhood parental loss with attachment, creativity, and epigenetic regulation

The loss of a parent during childhood is a profound event with enduring impacts on psychological and emotional development. This study investigates the long-term effects of childhood parental loss on attachment patterns and openness to experience, with a focus on the epigenetic modulation of the oxytocin and dopamine systems. The sample included 371 participants (51.2% women, ages 26–43), of whom 33 experienced parental loss during childhood. In those individuals who lost a parent, findings revealed comparably lower attachment avoidance and a DNA methylation profile associated with a potential for increased oxytocin activity. Additionally, a DNA methylation profile associated with a potential for heightened dopamine activity was identified in this group, aligning with greater creativity. These findings highlight the intricate interplay of genetic and environmental factors in fostering resilience and personal growth, shedding light on the roles of oxytocin and dopamine in social bonding and the potential for long-term adaptation following early-life trauma.