TY - JOUR
T1 - The ire-1 ER stress-response pathway is required for normal secretory-protein metabolism in C. elegans
AU - Safra, Modi
AU - Ben-Hamo, Shani
AU - Kenyon, Cynthia
AU - Henis-Korenblit, Sivan
PY - 2013/9/15
Y1 - 2013/9/15
N2 - The unfolded protein response (UPR) allows cells to cope with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by adjusting the capacity of the ER to the load of ER-associated tasks. The UPR is important for maintaining ER homeostasis under extreme ER stress. UPR genes are important under normal growth conditions as well, but what they are required for under these conditions is less clear. Using C. elegans, we show that the ire-1/xbp-1 arm of the UPR plays a crucial role in maintaining ER plasticity and function also in the absence of external ER stress. We find that during unstressed growth conditions, loss of ire-1 or xbp-1 compromises basic ER functions required for the metabolism of secreted proteins, including translation, folding and secretion. Notably, by compromising ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and phagocytosis, loss of ire-1 hinders the clearance of misfolded proteins from the ER as well as the clearance of proteins that were secreted into the pseudocoleom. Whereas the basal activity of the UPR is beneficial under normal conditions, it accelerates the pathology caused by toxic Aβ protein in a C. elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. Taken together, our findings indicate that UPR genes are critical for maintaining secretory protein metabolism under normal growth conditions.
AB - The unfolded protein response (UPR) allows cells to cope with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by adjusting the capacity of the ER to the load of ER-associated tasks. The UPR is important for maintaining ER homeostasis under extreme ER stress. UPR genes are important under normal growth conditions as well, but what they are required for under these conditions is less clear. Using C. elegans, we show that the ire-1/xbp-1 arm of the UPR plays a crucial role in maintaining ER plasticity and function also in the absence of external ER stress. We find that during unstressed growth conditions, loss of ire-1 or xbp-1 compromises basic ER functions required for the metabolism of secreted proteins, including translation, folding and secretion. Notably, by compromising ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and phagocytosis, loss of ire-1 hinders the clearance of misfolded proteins from the ER as well as the clearance of proteins that were secreted into the pseudocoleom. Whereas the basal activity of the UPR is beneficial under normal conditions, it accelerates the pathology caused by toxic Aβ protein in a C. elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. Taken together, our findings indicate that UPR genes are critical for maintaining secretory protein metabolism under normal growth conditions.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Caenorhabditis elegans
KW - Coelomocytes
KW - ER stress
KW - ERAD
KW - UPR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84885456003&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1242/jcs.123000
DO - 10.1242/jcs.123000
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C2 - 23843615
AN - SCOPUS:84885456003
SN - 0021-9533
VL - 126
SP - 4136
EP - 4146
JO - Journal of Cell Science
JF - Journal of Cell Science
IS - 18
ER -