The death of beruriah and its afterlife: A reevaluation of the provenance and significance of Ma'aseh de-Beruriah

This essay challenges previous scholarship regarding the provenance and meaning of the story of Beruriah's downfall and death first attested in Rashi's Talmud commentary. I argue that, contrary to the recent scholarly consensus, there is good reason to believe that Rashi drew on a much earlier tradition and that his account represents the only attested explanation for the Bavli's reference to ma'aseh de-Beruriah. I further present a new reading of the story, viewing it not as a polemic but as a complex narrative that exposes the rabbis' own anxieties regarding women and their place within halakhic discourse and practice.