The current landscape of adaptive immune receptor genomic and repertoire data: OGRDB and VDJbase

Accurate characterization of adaptive immune receptor repertoires through high-throughput sequencing is critical for understanding immune responses, disease biomarkers, vaccine design, and antibody engineering. However, progress depends on precise knowledge of germline reference sequences, which are challenging to define due to extensive allelic variation and structural complexity in immunoglobulin and T cell receptor loci. To address these challenges, we present major updates to two complementary community resources: the Open Germline Receptor Database (https://ogrdb.airr-community.org) and VDJbase (https://www.vdjbase.org). These resources enable reproducible, evidence-based analysis of immune receptor diversity across populations and species, supporting both fundamental immunology research and precision medicine applications.