Surface-modified hemispherical polystyrene/polybutyl methacrylate composite particles

Micrometer-sized polystyrene/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) composite particles of hemisphere morphology and narrow size distribution were prepared by a process of single-step swelling of uniform polystyrene template microspheres with emulsion droplets of the monomer n-butyl methacrylate containing the initiator benzoyl peroxide in the presence, or absence, of the co-swelling agent toluene. Butyl methacrylate was then polymerized at 73°C within the template microspheres. Surface and bulk characterization of the particles were performed by methods such as FTIR, elemental analysis, XPS, advancing contact angle, light microscope, SEM, and cross-sectional TEM. Selective surface functionalization of the poly(n-butyl methacrylate) phase of the composite particles was performed by carrying out a similar swelling and polymerization process in the presence of a water-soluble vinylic monomer such as acrylamide.