Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments

H. O. Back; M. Balata; A. de Bari; T. Beau; A. de Bellefon; G. Bellini; J. Benziger; S. Bonetti; A. Brigatti; C. Buck; B. Caccianiga; L. Cadonati; F. Calaprice; G. Cecchet; M. Chen; A. Di Credico; O. Dadoun; D. D'Angelo; A. Derbin; M. Deutsch; F. Elisei; A. Etenko; F. von Feilitzsch; R. Fernholz; R. Ford; D. Franco; B. Freudiger; C. Galbiati; F. Gatti; S. Gazzana; M. G. Giammarchi; D. Giugni; M. Göger-Neff; A. Goretti; C. Grieb; E. de Haas; C. Hagner; W. Hampel; E. Harding; F. X. Hartmann; T. Hertrich; H. Hess; G. Heusser; A. Ianni; A. M. Ianni; H. de Kerret; J. Kiko; T. Kirsten; G. Korga; G. Korschinek; Y. Kozlov; D. Kryn; M. Laubenstein; C. Lendvai; F. Loeser; P. Lombardi; S. Malvezzi; J. Maneira; I. Manno; D. Manuzio; G. Manuzio; F. Masetti; A. Martemianov; U. Mazzucato; K. McCarty; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. E. Monzani; P. Musico; L. Niedermeier; L. Oberauer; M. Obolensky; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Papp; S. Parmeggiano; L. Perasso; A. Pocar; R. S. Raghavan; G. Ranucci; W. Rau; A. Razeto; E. Resconi; A. Sabelnikov; C. Salvo; R. Scardaoni; D. Schimizzi; S. Schönert; K. H. Schuhbeck; E. Seitz; H. Simgen; T. Shutt; M. Skorokhvatov; O. Smirnov; A. Sonnenschein; A. Sotnikov; S. Sukhotin; V. Tarasenkov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; D. Vignaud; R. B. Vogelaar; V. Vyrodov; M. Wojcik; O. Zaimidoroga; G. Zuzel

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments

H. O. Back, M. Balata, A. de Bari, T. Beau, A. de Bellefon, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, S. Bonetti, A. Brigatti, C. Buck, B. Caccianiga, L. Cadonati, F. Calaprice, G. Cecchet, M. Chen, A. Di Credico, O. Dadoun, D. D'Angelo, A. Derbin, M. DeutschF. Elisei, A. Etenko, F. von Feilitzsch, R. Fernholz, R. Ford, D. Franco, B. Freudiger, C. Galbiati, F. Gatti, S. Gazzana, M. G. Giammarchi, D. Giugni, M. Göger-Neff, A. Goretti, C. Grieb, E. de Haas, C. Hagner, W. Hampel, E. Harding, F. X. Hartmann, T. Hertrich, H. Hess, G. Heusser, A. Ianni, A. M. Ianni, H. de Kerret, J. Kiko, T. Kirsten, G. Korga, G. Korschinek, Y. Kozlov, D. Kryn, M. Laubenstein, C. Lendvai, F. Loeser, P. Lombardi, S. Malvezzi, J. Maneira, I. Manno, D. Manuzio, G. Manuzio, F. Masetti, A. Martemianov, U. Mazzucato, K. McCarty, E. Meroni, L. Miramonti, M. E. Monzani, P. Musico, L. Niedermeier, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, F. Ortica, M. Pallavicini, L. Papp, S. Parmeggiano, L. Perasso, A. Pocar, R. S. Raghavan, G. Ranucci, W. Rau, A. Razeto, E. Resconi, A. Sabelnikov, C. Salvo, R. Scardaoni, D. Schimizzi, S. Schönert, K. H. Schuhbeck, E. Seitz, H. Simgen, T. Shutt, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sonnenschein, A. Sotnikov, S. Sukhotin, V. Tarasenkov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, D. Vignaud, R. B. Vogelaar, V. Vyrodov, M. Wojcik, O. Zaimidoroga, G. Zuzel

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report on the study of a new liquid scintillator target for neutrino interactions in the framework of the research and development program of the Borexino solar neutrino experiment. The scintillator consists of 1,2-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethyl)-benzene (phenyl-o-xylylethane, PXE) as solvent and 1,4-diphenylbenzene (para-Terphenyl, p-Tp) as primary and 1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) as secondary solute. The density close to that of water and the high flash point makes it an attractive option for large scintillation detectors in general. The study focused on optical properties, radioactive trace impurities and novel purification techniques of the scintillator. Attenuation lengths of the scintillator mixture of 12 m at 430 nm were achieved after purification with an alumina column. A radiocarbon isotopic ratio of ¹⁴C / ¹²C = 9.1 × 10^{- 18} has been measured in the scintillator. Initial trace impurities, e.g. ²³⁸U at 3.2 × 10^{- 14} g / g could be purified to levels below 1 × 10^{- 17} g / g by silica gel solid column purification.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	48-60
Number of pages	13
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	585
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045
State	Published - 21 Jan 2008
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Borexino
Low-background counting
Organic liquid scintillator
PXE
Phenyl-o-xylylethane
Solar neutrino spectroscopy

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10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

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Back, H. O., Balata, M., de Bari, A., Beau, T., de Bellefon, A., Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bonetti, S., Brigatti, A., Buck, C., Caccianiga, B., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Cecchet, G., Chen, M., Di Credico, A., Dadoun, O., D'Angelo, D., Derbin, A., ... Zuzel, G. (2008). Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 585(1-2), 48-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

@article{87c35e004fb44bb48c0d10ba420c3f29,

title = "Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments",

abstract = "We report on the study of a new liquid scintillator target for neutrino interactions in the framework of the research and development program of the Borexino solar neutrino experiment. The scintillator consists of 1,2-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethyl)-benzene (phenyl-o-xylylethane, PXE) as solvent and 1,4-diphenylbenzene (para-Terphenyl, p-Tp) as primary and 1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) as secondary solute. The density close to that of water and the high flash point makes it an attractive option for large scintillation detectors in general. The study focused on optical properties, radioactive trace impurities and novel purification techniques of the scintillator. Attenuation lengths of the scintillator mixture of 12 m at 430 nm were achieved after purification with an alumina column. A radiocarbon isotopic ratio of 14C / 12C = 9.1 × 10- 18 has been measured in the scintillator. Initial trace impurities, e.g. 238U at 3.2 × 10- 14 g / g could be purified to levels below 1 × 10- 17 g / g by silica gel solid column purification.",

keywords = "Borexino, Low-background counting, Organic liquid scintillator, PXE, Phenyl-o-xylylethane, Solar neutrino spectroscopy",

author = "Back, {H. O.} and M. Balata and {de Bari}, A. and T. Beau and {de Bellefon}, A. and G. Bellini and J. Benziger and S. Bonetti and A. Brigatti and C. Buck and B. Caccianiga and L. Cadonati and F. Calaprice and G. Cecchet and M. Chen and {Di Credico}, A. and O. Dadoun and D. D'Angelo and A. Derbin and M. Deutsch and F. Elisei and A. Etenko and {von Feilitzsch}, F. and R. Fernholz and R. Ford and D. Franco and B. Freudiger and C. Galbiati and F. Gatti and S. Gazzana and Giammarchi, {M. G.} and D. Giugni and M. G{\"o}ger-Neff and A. Goretti and C. Grieb and {de Haas}, E. and C. Hagner and W. Hampel and E. Harding and Hartmann, {F. X.} and T. Hertrich and H. Hess and G. Heusser and A. Ianni and Ianni, {A. M.} and {de Kerret}, H. and J. Kiko and T. Kirsten and G. Korga and G. Korschinek and Y. Kozlov and D. Kryn and M. Laubenstein and C. Lendvai and F. Loeser and P. Lombardi and S. Malvezzi and J. Maneira and I. Manno and D. Manuzio and G. Manuzio and F. Masetti and A. Martemianov and U. Mazzucato and K. McCarty and E. Meroni and L. Miramonti and Monzani, {M. E.} and P. Musico and L. Niedermeier and L. Oberauer and M. Obolensky and F. Ortica and M. Pallavicini and L. Papp and S. Parmeggiano and L. Perasso and A. Pocar and Raghavan, {R. S.} and G. Ranucci and W. Rau and A. Razeto and E. Resconi and A. Sabelnikov and C. Salvo and R. Scardaoni and D. Schimizzi and S. Sch{\"o}nert and Schuhbeck, {K. H.} and E. Seitz and H. Simgen and T. Shutt and M. Skorokhvatov and O. Smirnov and A. Sonnenschein and A. Sotnikov and S. Sukhotin and V. Tarasenkov and R. Tartaglia and G. Testera and D. Vignaud and Vogelaar, {R. B.} and V. Vyrodov and M. Wojcik and O. Zaimidoroga and G. Zuzel",

year = "2008",

month = jan,

day = "21",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "585",

pages = "48--60",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "1-2",

}

Back, HO, Balata, M, de Bari, A, Beau, T, de Bellefon, A, Bellini, G, Benziger, J, Bonetti, S, Brigatti, A, Buck, C, Caccianiga, B, Cadonati, L, Calaprice, F, Cecchet, G, Chen, M, Di Credico, A, Dadoun, O, D'Angelo, D, Derbin, A, Deutsch, M, Elisei, F, Etenko, A, von Feilitzsch, F, Fernholz, R, Ford, R, Franco, D, Freudiger, B, Galbiati, C, Gatti, F, Gazzana, S, Giammarchi, MG, Giugni, D, Göger-Neff, M, Goretti, A, Grieb, C, de Haas, E, Hagner, C, Hampel, W, Harding, E, Hartmann, FX, Hertrich, T, Hess, H, Heusser, G, Ianni, A, Ianni, AM, de Kerret, H, Kiko, J, Kirsten, T, Korga, G, Korschinek, G, Kozlov, Y, Kryn, D, Laubenstein, M, Lendvai, C, Loeser, F, Lombardi, P, Malvezzi, S, Maneira, J, Manno, I, Manuzio, D, Manuzio, G, Masetti, F, Martemianov, A, Mazzucato, U, McCarty, K, Meroni, E, Miramonti, L, Monzani, ME, Musico, P, Niedermeier, L, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Ortica, F, Pallavicini, M, Papp, L, Parmeggiano, S, Perasso, L, Pocar, A, Raghavan, RS, Ranucci, G, Rau, W, Razeto, A, Resconi, E, Sabelnikov, A, Salvo, C, Scardaoni, R, Schimizzi, D, Schönert, S, Schuhbeck, KH, Seitz, E, Simgen, H, Shutt, T, Skorokhvatov, M, Smirnov, O, Sonnenschein, A, Sotnikov, A, Sukhotin, S, Tarasenkov, V, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Vignaud, D, Vogelaar, RB, Vyrodov, V, Wojcik, M, Zaimidoroga, O & Zuzel, G 2008, 'Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 585, no. 1-2, pp. 48-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments. / Back, H. O.; Balata, M.; de Bari, A. et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 585, No. 1-2, 21.01.2008, p. 48-60.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments

AU - Back, H. O.

AU - Balata, M.

AU - de Bari, A.

AU - Beau, T.

AU - de Bellefon, A.

AU - Bellini, G.

AU - Benziger, J.

AU - Bonetti, S.

AU - Brigatti, A.

AU - Buck, C.

AU - Caccianiga, B.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Calaprice, F.

AU - Cecchet, G.

AU - Chen, M.

AU - Di Credico, A.

AU - Dadoun, O.

AU - D'Angelo, D.

AU - Derbin, A.

AU - Deutsch, M.

AU - Elisei, F.

AU - Etenko, A.

AU - von Feilitzsch, F.

AU - Fernholz, R.

AU - Ford, R.

AU - Franco, D.

AU - Freudiger, B.

AU - Galbiati, C.

AU - Gatti, F.

AU - Gazzana, S.

AU - Giammarchi, M. G.

AU - Giugni, D.

AU - Göger-Neff, M.

AU - Goretti, A.

AU - Grieb, C.

AU - de Haas, E.

AU - Hagner, C.

AU - Hampel, W.

AU - Harding, E.

AU - Hartmann, F. X.

AU - Hertrich, T.

AU - Hess, H.

AU - Heusser, G.

AU - Ianni, A.

AU - Ianni, A. M.

AU - de Kerret, H.

AU - Kiko, J.

AU - Kirsten, T.

AU - Korga, G.

AU - Korschinek, G.

AU - Kozlov, Y.

AU - Kryn, D.

AU - Laubenstein, M.

AU - Lendvai, C.

AU - Loeser, F.

AU - Lombardi, P.

AU - Malvezzi, S.

AU - Maneira, J.

AU - Manno, I.

AU - Manuzio, D.

AU - Manuzio, G.

AU - Masetti, F.

AU - Martemianov, A.

AU - Mazzucato, U.

AU - McCarty, K.

AU - Meroni, E.

AU - Miramonti, L.

AU - Monzani, M. E.

AU - Musico, P.

AU - Niedermeier, L.

AU - Oberauer, L.

AU - Obolensky, M.

AU - Ortica, F.

AU - Pallavicini, M.

AU - Papp, L.

AU - Parmeggiano, S.

AU - Perasso, L.

AU - Pocar, A.

AU - Raghavan, R. S.

AU - Ranucci, G.

AU - Rau, W.

AU - Razeto, A.

AU - Resconi, E.

AU - Sabelnikov, A.

AU - Salvo, C.

AU - Scardaoni, R.

AU - Schimizzi, D.

AU - Schönert, S.

AU - Schuhbeck, K. H.

AU - Seitz, E.

AU - Simgen, H.

AU - Shutt, T.

AU - Skorokhvatov, M.

AU - Smirnov, O.

AU - Sonnenschein, A.

AU - Sotnikov, A.

AU - Sukhotin, S.

AU - Tarasenkov, V.

AU - Tartaglia, R.

AU - Testera, G.

AU - Vignaud, D.

AU - Vogelaar, R. B.

AU - Vyrodov, V.

AU - Wojcik, M.

AU - Zaimidoroga, O.

AU - Zuzel, G.

PY - 2008/1/21

Y1 - 2008/1/21

N2 - We report on the study of a new liquid scintillator target for neutrino interactions in the framework of the research and development program of the Borexino solar neutrino experiment. The scintillator consists of 1,2-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethyl)-benzene (phenyl-o-xylylethane, PXE) as solvent and 1,4-diphenylbenzene (para-Terphenyl, p-Tp) as primary and 1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) as secondary solute. The density close to that of water and the high flash point makes it an attractive option for large scintillation detectors in general. The study focused on optical properties, radioactive trace impurities and novel purification techniques of the scintillator. Attenuation lengths of the scintillator mixture of 12 m at 430 nm were achieved after purification with an alumina column. A radiocarbon isotopic ratio of 14C / 12C = 9.1 × 10- 18 has been measured in the scintillator. Initial trace impurities, e.g. 238U at 3.2 × 10- 14 g / g could be purified to levels below 1 × 10- 17 g / g by silica gel solid column purification.

AB - We report on the study of a new liquid scintillator target for neutrino interactions in the framework of the research and development program of the Borexino solar neutrino experiment. The scintillator consists of 1,2-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethyl)-benzene (phenyl-o-xylylethane, PXE) as solvent and 1,4-diphenylbenzene (para-Terphenyl, p-Tp) as primary and 1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) as secondary solute. The density close to that of water and the high flash point makes it an attractive option for large scintillation detectors in general. The study focused on optical properties, radioactive trace impurities and novel purification techniques of the scintillator. Attenuation lengths of the scintillator mixture of 12 m at 430 nm were achieved after purification with an alumina column. A radiocarbon isotopic ratio of 14C / 12C = 9.1 × 10- 18 has been measured in the scintillator. Initial trace impurities, e.g. 238U at 3.2 × 10- 14 g / g could be purified to levels below 1 × 10- 17 g / g by silica gel solid column purification.

KW - Borexino

KW - Low-background counting

KW - Organic liquid scintillator

KW - PXE

KW - Phenyl-o-xylylethane

KW - Solar neutrino spectroscopy

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=37549018978&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2007.10.045

M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???

AN - SCOPUS:37549018978

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 585

SP - 48

EP - 60

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

IS - 1-2

ER -

Study of phenylxylylethane (PXE) as scintillator for low energy neutrino experiments

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Keywords

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