Strain-tunable magnetism at oxide domain walls

D. V. Christensen; Y. Frenkel; Y. Z. Chen; Y. W. Xie; Z. Y. Chen; Y. Hikita; A. Smith; L. Klein; H. Y. Hwang; N. Pryds; B. Kalisky

doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0363-x

Strain-tunable magnetism at oxide domain walls

D. V. Christensen, Y. Frenkel, Y. Z. Chen, Y. W. Xie, Z. Y. Chen, Y. Hikita, A. Smith, L. Klein, H. Y. Hwang, N. Pryds, B. Kalisky

Department of Physics - at Bar-Ilan University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

75 Scopus citations

Abstract

Applying stress to a ferroelastic material results in a nonlinear strain response as domains of different orientations mechanically switch. The ability to write, erase and move domain walls between such ferroelastic domains suggests a method for making nanoelectronics where the domain wall is the device. However, little is known about the magnetic properties of such domain walls. A fascinating model system is SrTiO ₃ , where the ferroelastic domain walls display strain-tunable polarity and enhanced conductivity. Here, we reveal a long-range magnetic order with modulations along the ferroelastic domain walls in SrTiO ₃ and SrTiO ₃ -based heterointerfaces, which manifests itself as a striped pattern in scanning superconducting quantum interference device maps of the magnetic landscape. In conducting interfaces, the magnetism is coupled to itinerant electrons with clear signatures in magnetotransport measurements. The magnetic state is also coupled dynamically to the lattice and can be reversibly tuned by applying local external forces. This study raises the possibility of designing nanoscale devices based on domain walls where strain-tunable ferroelectric, ferroelastic and ferromagnetic orders may coexist.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	269-274
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nature Physics
Volume	15
Issue number	3
Early online date	17 Dec 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0363-x
State	Published - 1 Mar 2019

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

Funding

We acknowledge useful discussions with R. Claessen and P. Schütz from the University of Würzburg, J. Levy from Pittsburgh University and Y. Zhang and Y. Gan from the Technical University of Denmark. In addition, we thank C. Bernhard and M. Yazdi for insight into the temperature dependence of the carrier density extracted by infrared ellipsometry. D.V.C. and N.P. were supported by the NICE project, which has received funding from the Independent Research Fund Denmark, grant no. 6111-00145B. L.K. acknowledges support by the Israel Science Foundation founded by the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities (533/15). Y.F. and B.K. were supported by European Research Council grant no. ERC-2014-STG-639792, Israeli Science Foundation grant no. ISF-1281/17, and the QuantERA ERA-NET Cofund in Quantum Technologies (project no. 731473). Y.W.X., Z.Y.C., Y.H. and H.Y.H. acknowledge support from the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515 (LAO/STO synthesis), and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s EPiQS Initiative through grant GBMF4415 (LAO/STO transport characterization).

Funders	Funder number
Israeli Science Foundation
Office of Basic Energy Sciences
U.S. Department of Energy
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation	GBMF4415
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	639792
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering	DE-AC02-76SF00515
European Commission
Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities	533/15
Israel Science Foundation
Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond	6111-00145B

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title = "Strain-tunable magnetism at oxide domain walls",

abstract = " Applying stress to a ferroelastic material results in a nonlinear strain response as domains of different orientations mechanically switch. The ability to write, erase and move domain walls between such ferroelastic domains suggests a method for making nanoelectronics where the domain wall is the device. However, little is known about the magnetic properties of such domain walls. A fascinating model system is SrTiO 3 , where the ferroelastic domain walls display strain-tunable polarity and enhanced conductivity. Here, we reveal a long-range magnetic order with modulations along the ferroelastic domain walls in SrTiO 3 and SrTiO 3 -based heterointerfaces, which manifests itself as a striped pattern in scanning superconducting quantum interference device maps of the magnetic landscape. In conducting interfaces, the magnetism is coupled to itinerant electrons with clear signatures in magnetotransport measurements. The magnetic state is also coupled dynamically to the lattice and can be reversibly tuned by applying local external forces. This study raises the possibility of designing nanoscale devices based on domain walls where strain-tunable ferroelectric, ferroelastic and ferromagnetic orders may coexist.",

author = "Christensen, {D. V.} and Y. Frenkel and Chen, {Y. Z.} and Xie, {Y. W.} and Chen, {Z. Y.} and Y. Hikita and A. Smith and L. Klein and Hwang, {H. Y.} and N. Pryds and B. Kalisky",

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AU - Smith, A.

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Strain-tunable magnetism at oxide domain walls

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