Statistical Optimization of Fresh and Mechanical Properties for Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC³) Incorporated Lightweight Self Compacting Concrete Using Central Composite Design

To achieve a target strength of 30 MPa, the research aims to statistically analyze the flow behaviour for various mix designs of lightweight self-compacting concrete using limestone calcined clay cement (LC³) as a major supplementary cementitious material and lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA). Through Central Composite Design (CCD), multi-objective optimization has been carried out. Trial mixes were cast using the Design Expert v.11 software to enable the assessment of pure error. The modelling of workability tests were analyzed in terms of slump flow, V-funnel, passing and filling ability, and mechanical characteristics, namely compressive strength. It includes accurately decoding the response surface shape and selecting the location of the most appropriate response in each space with no noise. Moreover, the influence of a factor can be described as the adjustment response brought on by adjusting the magnitude of other factors. The research suggests an important methodology that will be considered while optimizing various combinations to attain a desired factor for the output responses. The study of the models identifies critical trends and forecasts the future trajectory for sustainable construction without compromising the mechanical strength to 30 MPa.