Spectroscopic Discrimination of Sorghum Silica Phytoliths

Victor M.R. Zancajo, Sabrina Diehn, Nurit Filiba, Gil Goobes, Janina Kneipp, Rivka Elbaum

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

Grasses accumulate silicon in the form of silicic acid, which is precipitated as amorphous silica in microscopic particles termed phytoliths. These particles comprise a variety of morphologies according to the cell type in which the silica was deposited. Despite the evident morphological differences, phytolith chemistry has mostly been analysed in bulk samples, neglecting differences between the varied types formed in the same species. In this work, we extracted leaf phytoliths from mature plants of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Using solid state NMR and thermogravimetric analysis, we show that the extraction methods alter greatly the silica molecular structure, its condensation degree and the trapped organic matter. Measurements of individual phytoliths by Raman and synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopies in combination with multivariate analysis separated bilobate silica cells from prickles and long cells, based on the silica molecular structures and the fraction and composition of occluded organic matter. The variations in structure and composition of sorghum phytoliths suggest that the biological pathways leading to silica deposition vary between these cell types.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1571
JournalFrontiers in Plant Science
Volume10
DOIs
StatePublished - 11 Dec 2019

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2019 Zancajo, Diehn, Filiba, Goobes, Kneipp and Elbaum.

Funding

We thank V. Rosen (HUJI) for his help extracting the phyto-liths by microwave digestion, M. Soukup for discussion on silicification mechanism, I. Feldmann for help with SEM images of phytoliths, I. Gardi (HUJI) for his help with the TGA analysis, L. Puskar (HZB, Berlin) for support at the BESSY IRIS beamline, and B. Zimmermann and A. Kohler (NMBU, Aas, Norway) for the EMSC scripts and discussion of IR spectra. We acknowledge the support by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. This work was funded in part by the Excellence Initiative of the German Research Foundation (DFG) GSC 1013 (SALSA) and the Israel Ministry of Agriculture grant 12-01-0031. We thank BESSY-HZB for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beam time. We thank V. Rosen (HUJI) for his help extracting the phyto?liths by microwave digestion, M. Soukup for discussion on silicification mechanism, I. Feldmann for help with SEM images of phytoliths, I. Gardi (HUJI) for his help with the TGA analysis, L. Puskar (HZB, Berlin) for support at the BESSY IRIS beamline, and B. Zimmermann and A. Kohler (NMBU, Aas, Norway) for the EMSC scripts and discussion of IR spectra. We acknowledge the support by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin.

FundersFunder number
Excellence Initiative of the German Research Foundation
Israel Ministry of Agriculture12-01-0031
Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGSC 1013
Norges Miljø- og Biovitenskapelige Universitet

    Keywords

    • Raman
    • biosilicification
    • phytoliths
    • solid state NMR
    • sorghum
    • synchrotron FTIR

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