Solvent exfoliation stabilizes TiS2 nanosheets against oxidation, facilitating lithium storage applications

Victor Vega-Mayoral; Ruiyuan Tian; Adam G. Kelly; Aideen Griffin; Andrew Harvey; Mino Borrelli; Katharina Nisi; Claudia Backes; Jonathan N. Coleman

doi:10.1039/c8nr09446b

Solvent exfoliation stabilizes TiS₂ nanosheets against oxidation, facilitating lithium storage applications

Victor Vega-Mayoral
, Ruiyuan Tian
, Adam G. Kelly
, Aideen Griffin
, Andrew Harvey
, Mino Borrelli
, Katharina Nisi
, Claudia Backes
, Jonathan N. Coleman

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

50 Scopus citations

Abstract

Titanium disulfide is a promising material for a range of applications, including lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes. However, its application potential has been severely hindered by the tendency of exfoliated TiS₂ to rapidly oxidize under ambient conditions. Herein, we confirm that, although layered TiS₂ powder can be exfoliated by sonication in aqueous surfactant solutions, the resultant nanosheets oxidise almost completely within hours. However, we find that upon performing the exfoliation in the solvent cyclohexyl-pyrrolidone (CHP), the oxidation is almost completely suppressed. TiS₂ nanosheets dispersed in CHP and stored at 4 °C in an open atmosphere for 90 days remained up to 95% intact. In addition, CHP-exfoliated nanosheets did not show any evidence of oxidation for at least 30 days after being transformed into dry films even when stored under ambient conditions. This stability, probably a result of a residual CHP coating, allows TiS₂ nanosheets to be deployed in applications. To demonstrate this, we prepared lithium ion battery anodes from nano : nano composites of TiS₂ nanosheets mixed with carbon nanotubes. These anodes displayed reversible capacities (920 mA h g⁻¹) close to the theoretical value and showed good rate performance and cycling capability.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6206-6216
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nanoscale
Volume	11
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr09446b
State	Published - 28 Mar 2019
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Funding

This work was primarily funded by European Union Seventh Framework Program under grant agreements 604391 and 785219 Graphene Flagship and the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) funded centre AMBER (SFI/12/RC/2278). We also acknowledge support from the ERC Advanced Grant FUTUREPRINT.

Funders	Funder number
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	694101
European Commission
Science Foundation Ireland	SFI/12/RC/2278
Seventh Framework Programme	604391, 785219

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1039/c8nr09446b

Cite this

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title = "Solvent exfoliation stabilizes TiS2 nanosheets against oxidation, facilitating lithium storage applications",

abstract = "Titanium disulfide is a promising material for a range of applications, including lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes. However, its application potential has been severely hindered by the tendency of exfoliated TiS2 to rapidly oxidize under ambient conditions. Herein, we confirm that, although layered TiS2 powder can be exfoliated by sonication in aqueous surfactant solutions, the resultant nanosheets oxidise almost completely within hours. However, we find that upon performing the exfoliation in the solvent cyclohexyl-pyrrolidone (CHP), the oxidation is almost completely suppressed. TiS2 nanosheets dispersed in CHP and stored at 4 °C in an open atmosphere for 90 days remained up to 95\% intact. In addition, CHP-exfoliated nanosheets did not show any evidence of oxidation for at least 30 days after being transformed into dry films even when stored under ambient conditions. This stability, probably a result of a residual CHP coating, allows TiS2 nanosheets to be deployed in applications. To demonstrate this, we prepared lithium ion battery anodes from nano : nano composites of TiS2 nanosheets mixed with carbon nanotubes. These anodes displayed reversible capacities (920 mA h g−1) close to the theoretical value and showed good rate performance and cycling capability.",

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N2 - Titanium disulfide is a promising material for a range of applications, including lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes. However, its application potential has been severely hindered by the tendency of exfoliated TiS2 to rapidly oxidize under ambient conditions. Herein, we confirm that, although layered TiS2 powder can be exfoliated by sonication in aqueous surfactant solutions, the resultant nanosheets oxidise almost completely within hours. However, we find that upon performing the exfoliation in the solvent cyclohexyl-pyrrolidone (CHP), the oxidation is almost completely suppressed. TiS2 nanosheets dispersed in CHP and stored at 4 °C in an open atmosphere for 90 days remained up to 95% intact. In addition, CHP-exfoliated nanosheets did not show any evidence of oxidation for at least 30 days after being transformed into dry films even when stored under ambient conditions. This stability, probably a result of a residual CHP coating, allows TiS2 nanosheets to be deployed in applications. To demonstrate this, we prepared lithium ion battery anodes from nano : nano composites of TiS2 nanosheets mixed with carbon nanotubes. These anodes displayed reversible capacities (920 mA h g−1) close to the theoretical value and showed good rate performance and cycling capability.

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