Abstract
Many complex networks have recently been recognized to involve significant interdependence between different systems. Motivation comes primarily from infrastructures like power grids and communications networks, but also includes areas such as the human brain and finance. Interdependence implies that when components in one system fail, they lead to failures in the same system or other systems. This can then lead to additional failures finally resulting in a long cascade that can cripple the entire system. Furthermore, many of these networks, in particular infrastructure networks, are embedded in space and thus have unique spatial properties that significantly decrease their resilience to failures. Here we present a review of novel results on interdependent spatial networks and how cascading processes are affected by spatial embedding. We include various aspects of spatial embedding such as cases where dependencies are spatially restricted and localized attacks on nodes contained in some spatial region of the network. In general, we find that spatial networks are more vulnerable when they are interdependent and that they are more likely to undergo abrupt failure transitions than interdependent non-embedded networks. We also present results on recovery in spatial networks, the nature of cascades due to overload failures in these networks, and some examples of percolation features found in real-world traffic networks. Finally, we conclude with an outlook on future possible research directions in this area.
Translated title of the contribution | Robustness of spatial networks and networks of networks |
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Original language | English |
Pages (from-to) | 233-243 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Comptes Rendus Physique |
Volume | 19 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 May 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2018 Académie des sciences
Funding
We acknowledge the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel (MOST) with the Italy Ministry of Foreign Affairs Grant No. 3-14331 , BSF-NSF Grant No. 2015781 , MOST with the Japan Science and Technology Agency Grant No. 3-12546 , Israel Science Foundation Grant No. 539/15 , ONR Grant No. N62909-16-1-2170 , and DTRA Grant No. HDTRA-1-10-1-0014 for financial support. M.D. thanks the Azrieli Foundation for the award of an Azrieli Fellowship grant. We acknowledge the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel (MOST) with the Italy Ministry of Foreign Affairs Grant No. 3-14331, BSF-NSF Grant No. 2015781, MOST with the Japan Science and Technology Agency Grant No. 3-12546, Israel Science Foundation Grant No. 539/15, ONR Grant No. N62909-16-1-2170, and DTRA Grant No. HDTRA-1-10-1-0014 for financial support. M.D. thanks the Azrieli Foundation for the award of an Azrieli Fellowship grant.
Funders | Funder number |
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BSF-NSF | 2015781 |
Office of Naval Research | N62909-16-1-2170, HDTRA-1-10-1-0014 |
Defense Threat Reduction Agency | |
Ministry of Science and Technology | |
Japan Science and Technology Agency | 3-12546 |
Ministry of Foreign Affairs | |
Ministry of Science and Technology | |
Israel Science Foundation | 539/15 |
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan | |
Azrieli Foundation | |
Ministry for Foreign Affairs | 3-14331 |
Ministry of science and technology, Israel |
Keywords
- Coupled networks
- Infrastructure resilience
- Networks of networks
- Spatial networks