Abstract
Label-free super-resolution (LFSR) imaging relies on light-scattering processes in nanoscale objects without a need for fluorescent (FL) staining required in super-resolved FL microscopy. The objectives of this Roadmap are to present a comprehensive vision of the developments, the state-of-the-art in this field, and to discuss the resolution boundaries and hurdles that need to be overcome to break the classical diffraction limit of the label-free imaging. The scope of this Roadmap spans from the advanced interference detection techniques, where the diffraction-limited lateral resolution is combined with unsurpassed axial and temporal resolution, to techniques with true lateral super-resolution capability that are based on understanding resolution as an information science problem, on using novel structured illumination, near-field scanning, and nonlinear optics approaches, and on designing superlenses based on nanoplasmonics, metamaterials, transformation optics, and microsphere-assisted approaches. To this end, this Roadmap brings under the same umbrella researchers from the physics and biomedical optics communities in which such studies have often been developing separately. The ultimate intent of this paper is to create a vision for the current and future developments of LFSR imaging based on its physical mechanisms and to create a great opening for the series of articles in this field.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2200029 |
Journal | Laser and Photonics Reviews |
Volume | 17 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2023 The Authors. Laser & Photonics Reviews published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Funding
: Special thanks go to all groups who participated in this Roadmap and expressed their visions of the past, present, and future of this field. The author acknowledges the support of Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. : The authors acknowledge the support of the Singapore Ministry of Education (Grant No. MOE2016‐T3‐1‐006), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK (Grant Nos. EP/N00762X/1 and EP/M009122/1). : This work was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. : The author acknowledges helpful interactions with C.‐At. Motti and funding from Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Parts of Section 6 are based on the previous publication in Advanced Photonics [60], and are reproduced under the terms of the Creative Commons CC‐BY license. : The authors acknowledge the following: National Institutes of Health (R01GM129709, R01CA238191) and National Science Foundation (0939511, 1450962, 1353368). In the memory of Prof. Gabriel Popescu. : P.K. is supported by an ERC Consolidator grant (PHOTOMASS 819593) and an EPSRC Leadership Fellowship (EP/T03419X/1). E.P. acknowledges funding from the German research foundation (PF991/1‐1, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG). The authors thank Catherine Lichten for valuable discussions. : This work was supported by Career Development Award, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (AS‐CDA‐107‐M06); Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan (MOST 108‐2112‐M‐001‐038‐MY3; MOST 110‐2321‐B‐002‐012). : The author acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council through the Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging (CE140100011). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). Support from the La Trobe Biomedical and Environmental Sensor Technology (BEST) Research Centre is acknowledged. : The authors thank Colin J. R. Sheppard, M. Castello, and R. G. Johnston for useful discussions, and M. W. Ashraf, F. Callegari, A. Mohebi, A. Bendandi, N. Mazumder, R. Rajan, R. Marongiu, S. Piazza. I. Nepita, M. Oneto, M. Scotto for the experimental and theoretical activity on the CIDS architecture at DiasproLab. : This work was supported by the grants from Nation Institute of Health (R35GM136223, R01AI141439). : The authors thank Giulia Zanini for her valuable comments and discussion. : S.W.C. and G.J.H. acknowledge the support by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, under grant MOST‐112‐2321‐B‐002‐025, MOST‐112‐2112‐M‐002‐032‐MY3, MOST‐112‐2119‐M‐002‐022‐MBK, as well as support from the Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine of NTU (NTU‐112L900703) the Brain Research Center of NTHU under the Higher Education Sprout Project funded by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. X.L. is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFB1107200); the Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (Grant 2016ZT06D081). : The authors wish to thank Prof. Y. Rozenwax and Prof. H. Suchowski for their support. This research was partially supported by ISF grant 1294/18. : SGS acknowledges the financial support of UEFISCDI grant RO‐NO‐2019‐0601 (MEDYCONAI) (NO Grants 2014–2021, Project contract no. 25 ⁄ 2021). M.J.H. acknowledges support from the Flagship of Photonics Research and Innovation (PREIN) funded by the Academy of Finland (Grant No. 320165). : U.L. was supported by ERC, ISF and the Murray B. Koffler Professorial Chair. : Funding support is acknowledged. Z.W.: UK Royal Society (IEC\R2\202178), Leverhulme Trust (RF‐2022‐659) and Bangor University BU‐IIA Award (S49610); B.L.: Russian Science Foundation (Project #20‐12‐00389) and a Special Program of “BASIS” Foundation (Grant #21‐2‐10‐39‐1) for the development of theoretical physics at the Lomonosov Moscow State University.; L.W.: NKPs (2017YFA0204600, China) and NSFC (51721002 and 52033003). : The work of AVM was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Grant No. 075‐15‐2022‐293). V.N.A. acknowledges a support by Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. : This material was based upon work supported in whole or part by the North Carolina Biotechnology Center. This work was also supported by Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. : Funding: Nano3D and SIBIC projects (SATT Conectus). The authors thank all the partners for their scientific contributions and discussions. Section 1 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 Section 10 Section 11 Section 15 Section 16 Section 19 Section 20 Section 21 Section 23 Section 24 Section 25 Section 26 Section 28 Section 1: Special thanks go to all groups who participated in this Roadmap and expressed their visions of the past, present, and future of this field. The author acknowledges the support of Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. Section 4: The authors acknowledge the support of the Singapore Ministry of Education (Grant No. MOE2016-T3-1-006), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK (Grant Nos. EP/N00762X/1 and EP/M009122/1). Section 5: This work was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Section 6: The author acknowledges helpful interactions with C.-At. Motti and funding from Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Parts of Section 6 are based on the previous publication in Advanced Photonics [60], and are reproduced under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license. Section 7: The authors acknowledge the following: National Institutes of Health (R01GM129709, R01CA238191) and National Science Foundation (0939511, 1450962, 1353368). In the memory of Prof. Gabriel Popescu. Section 8: P.K. is supported by an ERC Consolidator grant (PHOTOMASS 819593) and an EPSRC Leadership Fellowship (EP/T03419X/1). E.P. acknowledges funding from the German research foundation (PF991/1-1, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG). The authors thank Catherine Lichten for valuable discussions. Section 9: This work was supported by Career Development Award, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (AS-CDA-107-M06); Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan (MOST 108-2112-M-001-038-MY3; MOST 110-2321-B-002-012). Section 10: The author acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council through the Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging (CE140100011). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). Support from the La Trobe Biomedical and Environmental Sensor Technology (BEST) Research Centre is acknowledged. Section 11: The authors thank Colin J. R. Sheppard, M. Castello, and R. G. Johnston for useful discussions, and M. W. Ashraf, F. Callegari, A. Mohebi, A. Bendandi, N. Mazumder, R. Rajan, R. Marongiu, S. Piazza. I. Nepita, M. Oneto, M. Scotto for the experimental and theoretical activity on the CIDS architecture at DiasproLab. Section 15: This work was supported by the grants from Nation Institute of Health (R35GM136223, R01AI141439). Section 16: The authors thank Giulia Zanini for her valuable comments and discussion. Section 19: S.W.C. and G.J.H. acknowledge the support by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, under grant MOST-112-2321-B-002-025, MOST-112-2112-M-002-032-MY3, MOST-112-2119-M-002-022-MBK, as well as support from the Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine of NTU (NTU-112L900703) the Brain Research Center of NTHU under the Higher Education Sprout Project funded by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. X.L. is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFB1107200); the Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (Grant 2016ZT06D081). Section 20: The authors wish to thank Prof. Y. Rozenwax and Prof. H. Suchowski for their support. This research was partially supported by ISF grant 1294/18. Section 21: SGS acknowledges the financial support of UEFISCDI grant RO-NO-2019-0601 (MEDYCONAI) (NO Grants 2014–2021, Project contract no. 25 ⁄ 2021). M.J.H. acknowledges support from the Flagship of Photonics Research and Innovation (PREIN) funded by the Academy of Finland (Grant No. 320165). Section 23: U.L. was supported by ERC, ISF and the Murray B. Koffler Professorial Chair. Section 24: Funding support is acknowledged. Z.W.: UK Royal Society (IEC\R2\202178), Leverhulme Trust (RF-2022-659) and Bangor University BU-IIA Award (S49610); B.L.: Russian Science Foundation (Project #20-12-00389) and a Special Program of “BASIS” Foundation (Grant #21-2-10-39-1) for the development of theoretical physics at the Lomonosov Moscow State University.; L.W.: NKPs (2017YFA0204600, China) and NSFC (51721002 and 52033003). Section 25: The work of AVM was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Grant No. 075-15-2022-293). V.N.A. acknowledges a support by Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. Section 26: This material was based upon work supported in whole or part by the North Carolina Biotechnology Center. This work was also supported by Center for Metamaterials, an NSF I/U CRC, Award No. 1068050. Section 28: Funding: Nano3D and SIBIC projects (SATT Conectus). The authors thank all the partners for their scientific contributions and discussions.
Funders | Funder number |
---|---|
Brain Research Center of NTHU | |
Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine of NTU | NTU‐112L900703 |
Center for Metamaterials | |
Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project | 2016ZT06D081 |
MEDYCONAI | 25 ⁄ 2021 |
Ministry of Education in Taiwan | |
NSF I | |
Special Program of “BASIS” Foundation | 21‐2‐10‐39‐1 |
U CRC | 1068050 |
National Science Foundation | 1450962, 0939511, 1353368 |
National Institutes of Health | R01AI141439, MOST‐112‐2321‐B‐002‐025, R01GM129709, MOST‐112‐2112‐M‐002‐032‐MY3, R01CA238191, R35GM136223 |
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation | |
California Department of Fish and Game | |
North Carolina Biotechnology Center | |
Iowa Science Foundation | 1294/18 |
Engineering Research Centers | PHOTOMASS 819593 |
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council | EP/T03419X/1, EP/M009122/1, EP/N00762X/1 |
Leverhulme Trust | RF‐2022‐659 |
Royal Society | IEC\R2\202178 |
Australian Research Council | CE140100011 |
Ministry of Education - Singapore | MOE2016‐T3‐1‐006 |
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft | PF991/1‐1 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China | 52033003, 51721002 |
Academia Sinica | AS‐CDA‐107‐M06 |
Academy of Finland | 320165 |
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation | 075‐15‐2022‐293 |
Bangor University | S49610 |
Ministry of Science and Technology | 110‐2321‐B‐002‐012, 108‐2112‐M‐001‐038‐MY3 |
Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii | RO‐NO‐2019‐0601 |
Russian Science Foundation | 20‐12‐00389 |
National Key Research and Development Program of China | 2018YFB1107200, 2017YFA0204600 |
Lomonosov Moscow State University |
Keywords
- biomedical imaging
- diffraction limit
- label-free imaging
- near-field imaging
- optical microscopy
- structured illumination
- super-resolution