Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Anthony J. Annunziata; Orlando Quaranta; Daniel F. Santavicca; Alessandro Casaburi; Luigi Frunzio; Mikkel Ejrnaes; Michael J. Rooks; Roberto Cristiano; Sergio Pagano; Aviad Frydman; Daniel E. Prober

doi:10.1063/1.3498809

Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

Anthony J. Annunziata, Orlando Quaranta, Daniel F. Santavicca, Alessandro Casaburi, Luigi Frunzio, Mikkel Ejrnaes, Michael J. Rooks, Roberto Cristiano, Sergio Pagano, Aviad Frydman, Daniel E. Prober

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

101 Scopus citations

Abstract

We study the reset dynamics of niobium (Nb) superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The numerical simulations of the detection dynamics agree well with experimental measurements, using independently determined parameters in the simulations. We find that if the photon-induced hotspot cools too slowly, the device will latch into a dc resistive state. To avoid latching, the time for the hotspot to cool must be short compared to the inductive time constant that governs the resetting of the current in the device after hotspot formation. From simulations of the energy relaxation process, we find that the hotspot cooling time is determined primarily by the temperature-dependent electron-phonon inelastic time. Latching prevents reset and precludes subsequent photon detection. Fast resetting to the superconducting state is, therefore, essential, and we demonstrate experimentally how this is achieved. We compare our results to studies of reset and latching in niobium nitride SNSPDs.

Original language	English
Article number	084507
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	108
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3498809
State	Published - 15 Oct 2010

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by NSF under Grant Nos. ECS-0622035 and DMR-0907082 and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to one of us (A.J.A.).

Funding

This work was supported by NSF under Grant Nos. ECS-0622035 and DMR-0907082 and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to one of us (A.J.A.).

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	DMR-0907082, ECS-0622035
Directorate for Engineering	0622035

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title = "Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors",

abstract = "We study the reset dynamics of niobium (Nb) superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The numerical simulations of the detection dynamics agree well with experimental measurements, using independently determined parameters in the simulations. We find that if the photon-induced hotspot cools too slowly, the device will latch into a dc resistive state. To avoid latching, the time for the hotspot to cool must be short compared to the inductive time constant that governs the resetting of the current in the device after hotspot formation. From simulations of the energy relaxation process, we find that the hotspot cooling time is determined primarily by the temperature-dependent electron-phonon inelastic time. Latching prevents reset and precludes subsequent photon detection. Fast resetting to the superconducting state is, therefore, essential, and we demonstrate experimentally how this is achieved. We compare our results to studies of reset and latching in niobium nitride SNSPDs.",

author = "Annunziata, {Anthony J.} and Orlando Quaranta and Santavicca, {Daniel F.} and Alessandro Casaburi and Luigi Frunzio and Mikkel Ejrnaes and Rooks, {Michael J.} and Roberto Cristiano and Sergio Pagano and Aviad Frydman and Prober, {Daniel E.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by NSF under Grant Nos. ECS-0622035 and DMR-0907082 and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to one of us (A.J.A.).",

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AU - Annunziata, Anthony J.

AU - Quaranta, Orlando

AU - Santavicca, Daniel F.

AU - Casaburi, Alessandro

AU - Frunzio, Luigi

AU - Ejrnaes, Mikkel

AU - Rooks, Michael J.

AU - Cristiano, Roberto

AU - Pagano, Sergio

AU - Frydman, Aviad

AU - Prober, Daniel E.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by NSF under Grant Nos. ECS-0622035 and DMR-0907082 and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to one of us (A.J.A.).

PY - 2010/10/15

Y1 - 2010/10/15

N2 - We study the reset dynamics of niobium (Nb) superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The numerical simulations of the detection dynamics agree well with experimental measurements, using independently determined parameters in the simulations. We find that if the photon-induced hotspot cools too slowly, the device will latch into a dc resistive state. To avoid latching, the time for the hotspot to cool must be short compared to the inductive time constant that governs the resetting of the current in the device after hotspot formation. From simulations of the energy relaxation process, we find that the hotspot cooling time is determined primarily by the temperature-dependent electron-phonon inelastic time. Latching prevents reset and precludes subsequent photon detection. Fast resetting to the superconducting state is, therefore, essential, and we demonstrate experimentally how this is achieved. We compare our results to studies of reset and latching in niobium nitride SNSPDs.

AB - We study the reset dynamics of niobium (Nb) superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The numerical simulations of the detection dynamics agree well with experimental measurements, using independently determined parameters in the simulations. We find that if the photon-induced hotspot cools too slowly, the device will latch into a dc resistive state. To avoid latching, the time for the hotspot to cool must be short compared to the inductive time constant that governs the resetting of the current in the device after hotspot formation. From simulations of the energy relaxation process, we find that the hotspot cooling time is determined primarily by the temperature-dependent electron-phonon inelastic time. Latching prevents reset and precludes subsequent photon detection. Fast resetting to the superconducting state is, therefore, essential, and we demonstrate experimentally how this is achieved. We compare our results to studies of reset and latching in niobium nitride SNSPDs.

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Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

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