Quantitative characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state under natural conditions in India

S. S. Hayer; R. Ranjan; J. K. Biswal; S. Subramaniam; J. K. Mohapatra; G. K. Sharma; M. Rout; B. B. Dash; B. Das; B. R. Prusty; A. K. Sharma; C. Stenfeldt; A. Perez; L. L. Rodriguez; B. Pattnaik; K. VanderWaal; J. Arzt

doi:10.1111/tbed.12627

Quantitative characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state under natural conditions in India

S. S. Hayer, R. Ranjan, J. K. Biswal, S. Subramaniam, J. K. Mohapatra, G. K. Sharma, M. Rout, B. B. Dash, B. Das, B. R. Prusty, A. K. Sharma, C. Stenfeldt, A. Perez, L. L. Rodriguez, B. Pattnaik, K. VanderWaal, J. Arzt

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

The goal of this study was to characterize the properties and duration of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) carrier state and associated serological responses subsequent to vaccination and naturally occurring infection at two farms in northern India. Despite previous vaccination of cattle in these herds, clinical signs of FMD occurred in October 2013 within a subset of animals at the farms containing juvenile-yearling heifers and steers (Farm A) and adult dairy cattle (Farm B). Subsequent to the outbreak, FMD virus (FMDV) asymptomatic carriers were identified in both herds by seroreactivity to FMDV non-structural proteins and detection of FMDV genomic RNA in oropharyngeal fluid. Carriers’ seroreactivity and FMDV genome detection status were subsequently monitored monthly for 23 months. The mean extinction time of the carrier state was 13.1 ± 0.2 months, with extinction having occurred significantly faster amongst adult dairy cattle at Farm B compared to younger animals at Farm A. The rate of decrease in the proportion of carrier animals was calculated to be 0.07 per month. Seroprevalence against FMDV non-structural proteins decreased over the course of the study period, but was found to increase transiently following repeated vaccinations. These data provide novel insights into viral and host factors associated with the FMDV carrier state under natural conditions. The findings reported herein may be relevant to field veterinarians and governmental regulatory entities engaged in FMD response and control measures.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	253-260
Number of pages	8
Journal	Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Volume	65
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12627
State	Published - Feb 2018
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH

Funding

This work was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Additional funding was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Project 1940-32000-057-00D, the United States Department of State’s Biosecurity Engagement Program through the USDA-ARS Office of International Research Programs and a specific collaborative agreement between USDA-ARS and University of Minnesota. CS is a recipient of Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowship, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement with the US Department of Energy. The funding sources had no role in study design, data collection and analysis or the decision to publish the work. United States Department of State, Biosecu-rity Engagement Program through the USDA-ARS Office of International Research Programs; Indian Council of Agricultural Research; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service, Grant/Award Number: 1940-32000-057-00D; University of Minnesota. This work was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Additional funding was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Project 1940-32000-057-00D, the United States Department of State's Biosecurity Engagement Program through the USDA-ARS Office of International Research Programs and a specific collaborative agreement between USDA-ARS and University of Minnesota. CS is a recipient of Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowship, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement with the US Department of Energy. The funding sources had no role in study design, data collection and analysis or the decision to publish the work.

Funders	Funder number
US Department of Energy
USDA-ARS
U.S. Department of Energy
U.S. Department of State
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
University of Minnesota
Agricultural Research Service	1940-32000-057-00D
Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Keywords

FMD
India
carrier
foot-and-mouth
persistence
virus

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1111/tbed.12627

Cite this

Hayer, S. S., Ranjan, R., Biswal, J. K., Subramaniam, S., Mohapatra, J. K., Sharma, G. K., Rout, M., Dash, B. B., Das, B., Prusty, B. R., Sharma, A. K., Stenfeldt, C., Perez, A., Rodriguez, L. L., Pattnaik, B., VanderWaal, K., & Arzt, J. (2018). Quantitative characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state under natural conditions in India. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 65(1), 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12627

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abstract = "The goal of this study was to characterize the properties and duration of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) carrier state and associated serological responses subsequent to vaccination and naturally occurring infection at two farms in northern India. Despite previous vaccination of cattle in these herds, clinical signs of FMD occurred in October 2013 within a subset of animals at the farms containing juvenile-yearling heifers and steers (Farm A) and adult dairy cattle (Farm B). Subsequent to the outbreak, FMD virus (FMDV) asymptomatic carriers were identified in both herds by seroreactivity to FMDV non-structural proteins and detection of FMDV genomic RNA in oropharyngeal fluid. Carriers{\textquoteright} seroreactivity and FMDV genome detection status were subsequently monitored monthly for 23 months. The mean extinction time of the carrier state was 13.1 ± 0.2 months, with extinction having occurred significantly faster amongst adult dairy cattle at Farm B compared to younger animals at Farm A. The rate of decrease in the proportion of carrier animals was calculated to be 0.07 per month. Seroprevalence against FMDV non-structural proteins decreased over the course of the study period, but was found to increase transiently following repeated vaccinations. These data provide novel insights into viral and host factors associated with the FMDV carrier state under natural conditions. The findings reported herein may be relevant to field veterinarians and governmental regulatory entities engaged in FMD response and control measures.",

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Hayer, SS, Ranjan, R, Biswal, JK, Subramaniam, S, Mohapatra, JK, Sharma, GK, Rout, M, Dash, BB, Das, B, Prusty, BR, Sharma, AK, Stenfeldt, C, Perez, A, Rodriguez, LL, Pattnaik, B, VanderWaal, K & Arzt, J 2018, 'Quantitative characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state under natural conditions in India', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12627

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AU - Subramaniam, S.

AU - Mohapatra, J. K.

AU - Sharma, G. K.

AU - Rout, M.

AU - Dash, B. B.

AU - Das, B.

AU - Prusty, B. R.

AU - Sharma, A. K.

AU - Stenfeldt, C.

AU - Perez, A.

AU - Rodriguez, L. L.

AU - Pattnaik, B.

AU - VanderWaal, K.

AU - Arzt, J.

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Quantitative characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state under natural conditions in India

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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