Production of heterozygous and homozygous clones of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Evidence from DNA fingerprinting and mixed leukocyte reaction

The production of two heterozygous and one homozygous clones of the Israeli Dor-70 line of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was tested using DNA fingerprinting (DFP) and mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) analysis. The clones were obtained in large-scale production from mitotic gynogenetic females and males (sex-inversed). MLR analysis was used to examine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens in individuals. DFP provided evidence concerning identity in the whole genome. Both methods showed that individuals within a progeny were identical, confirming genetic uniformity within each clone and showing that no paternal DNA was transmitted during mitotic and meiotic gynogenesis. The results indicated that uniformity of DFP in progeny of the homozygous clone is obtained only when the mother is fully homozygous, and in the heterozygous clone only if both parents are fully homozygous. The results of both methods provide evidence, though indirect, that the mitotic gynogenetic parents of these fish (mother of the homozygous clone, mother and father of the heterozygous clones) were fully homozygous.