Predicting the performance of IDA using conditional distributions

Uzi Zahavi, Ariel Felner, Neil Burch, Robert C. Holte

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

42 Scopus citations

Abstract

Korf, Reid, and Edelkamp introduced a formula to predict the number of nodes IDA* will expand on a single iteration for a given consistent heuristic, and experimentally demonstrated that it could make very accurate predictions. In this paper we show that, in addition to requiring the heuristic to be consistent, their formula's predictions are accurate only at levels of the brute-force search tree where the heuristic values obey the unconditional distribution that they defined and then used in their formula. We then propose a new formula that works well without these requirements, i.e., it can make accurate predictions of IDA*'s performance for inconsistent heuristics and if the heuristic values in any level do not obey the unconditional distribution. In order to achieve this we introduce the conditional distribution of heuristic values which is a generalization of their unconditional heuristic distribution. We also provide extensions of our formula that handle individual start states and the augmentation of IDA* with bidirectional pathmax (BPMX), a technique for propagating heuristic values when inconsistent heuristics are used. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of our new method and all its variations.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)41-83
Number of pages43
JournalJournal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Volume37
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2010
Externally publishedYes

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