Non-normalizable densities in strong anomalous diffusion: Beyond the central limit theorem

Strong anomalous diffusion, where 〈|x(t)|q〉∼tqν(q) with a nonlinear spectrum ν(q)≠const, is wide spread and has been found in various nonlinear dynamical systems and experiments on active transport in living cells. Using a stochastic approach we show how this phenomenon is related to infinite covariant densities; i.e., the asymptotic states of these systems are described by non-normalizable distribution functions. Our work shows that the concept of infinite covariant densities plays an important role in the statistical description of open systems exhibiting multifractal anomalous diffusion, as it is complementary to the central limit theorem.