Abstract
The interfaces between inorganic selective contacts and halide perovskites (HaPs) are possibly the greatest challenge for making stable and reproducible solar cells with these materials. NiOx, an attractive hole-transport layer as it fits the electronic structure of HaPs, is highly stable and can be produced at a low cost. Furthermore, NiOxcan be fabricated via scalable and controlled physical deposition methods such as RF sputtering to facilitate the quest for scalable, solvent-free, vacuum-deposited HaP-based solar cells (PSCs). However, the interface between NiOxand HaPs is still not well-controlled, which leads at times to a lack of stability and Voclosses. Here, we use RF sputtering to fabricate NiOxand then cover it with a NiyN layer without breaking vacuum. The NiyN layer protects NiOxdoubly during PSC production. Firstly, the NiyN layer protects NiOxfrom Ni3+species being reduced to Ni2+by Ar plasma, thus maintaining NiOxconductivity. Secondly, it passivates the interface between NiOxand the HaPs, retaining PSC stability over time. This double effect improves PSC efficiency from an average of 16.5% with a 17.4% record cell to a 19% average with a 19.8% record cell and increases the device stability.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 47587-47594 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces |
Volume | 14 |
Issue number | 42 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 26 Oct 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Funding
The authors thank Dr. Eti Teblum (BIU) for AFM measurements, Shay Tirosh for his help with the EQE measurements, and Ziv Ben Daniel for insightful discussions. A.I. thanks the Israel Ministry of Science & Technology for the PhD fellowship support. This research was supported by Grant No. 2018349 from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF). S.K. held an Israel Council of Higher Learning PBC/VATAT PD fellowship at Bar-Ilan University. At the Weizmann Institute of Science, the work was supported by the WIS Sustainability and Energy Research Initiative (SAERI).
Funders | Funder number |
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Israel Council of Higher Learning PBC | |
SAERI | |
VATAT | |
WIS Sustainability and Energy Research Initiative | |
Weizmann Institute of Science | |
United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation | |
Ministry of science and technology, Israel | 2018349 |
Keywords
- halide perovskites
- interface
- nickel nitride
- nickel oxide
- passivation
- solar cells