TY - JOUR
T1 - Neutrino forces in neutrino backgrounds
AU - Ghosh, Mitrajyoti
AU - Grossman, Yuval
AU - Tangarife, Walter
AU - Xu, Xun Jie
AU - Yu, Bingrong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - The Standard Model predicts a long-range force, proportional to GF2/r5, between fermions due to the exchange of a pair of neutrinos. This quantum force is feeble and has not been observed yet. In this paper, we compute this force in the presence of neutrino backgrounds, both for isotropic and directional background neutrinos. We find that for the case of directional background the force can have a 1/r dependence and it can be significantly enhanced compared to the vacuum case. In particular, background effects caused by reactor, solar, and supernova neutrinos enhance the force by many orders of magnitude. The enhancement, however, occurs only in the direction parallel to the direction of the background neutrinos. We discuss the experimental prospects of detecting the neutrino force in neutrino backgrounds and find that the effect is close to the available sensitivity of the current fifth force experiments. Yet, the angular spread of the neutrino flux and that of the test masses reduce the strength of this force. The results are encouraging and a detailed experimental study is called for to check if the effect can be probed.
AB - The Standard Model predicts a long-range force, proportional to GF2/r5, between fermions due to the exchange of a pair of neutrinos. This quantum force is feeble and has not been observed yet. In this paper, we compute this force in the presence of neutrino backgrounds, both for isotropic and directional background neutrinos. We find that for the case of directional background the force can have a 1/r dependence and it can be significantly enhanced compared to the vacuum case. In particular, background effects caused by reactor, solar, and supernova neutrinos enhance the force by many orders of magnitude. The enhancement, however, occurs only in the direction parallel to the direction of the background neutrinos. We discuss the experimental prospects of detecting the neutrino force in neutrino backgrounds and find that the effect is close to the available sensitivity of the current fifth force experiments. Yet, the angular spread of the neutrino flux and that of the test masses reduce the strength of this force. The results are encouraging and a detailed experimental study is called for to check if the effect can be probed.
KW - Electroweak Precision Physics
KW - Neutrino Interactions
KW - Thermal Field Theory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147748516&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/JHEP02(2023)092
DO - 10.1007/JHEP02(2023)092
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AN - SCOPUS:85147748516
SN - 1126-6708
VL - 2023
JO - Journal of High Energy Physics
JF - Journal of High Energy Physics
IS - 2
M1 - 92
ER -