Momelotinib versus danazol in symptomatic patients with anaemia and myelofibrosis (MOMENTUM): results from an international, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 study

Srdan Verstovsek, Aaron T. Gerds, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, David Lavie, Andrew T. Kuykendall, Sebastian Grosicki, Alessandra Iurlo, Yeow Tee Goh, Mihaela C. Lazaroiu, Miklos Egyed, Maria Laura Fox, Donal McLornan, Claire N. Harrison, Andrew Perkins, Sung Soo Yoon, Vikas Gupta, Jean Jacques Kiladjian, Nikki GranacherSung Eun Lee, Luminita Ocroteala, Francesco Passamonti, Barbara J. Klencke, Sunhee Ro, Rafe Donahue, Jun Kawashima, Ruben Mesa, Adi Shacham Abulafia, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, Bjorn Andreasson, Anna Angona, Rosa Ayala, Soo Mee Bang, Bruce Bank, Fiorenza Barraco, Eloise Beggiato, Fleur Samantha Benghiat, Massimilia No Bonifacio, Claire Bories, Gabriela Borsaru, Mette Brabrand, Andrei Braester, Andes Broliden, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Nathalie Cambier, Marianna Caramella, Benjamin Carpentier, Nicola Cascavilla, Maria Giraldo Castellano, Hung Chang, Chih Cheng Chen, June Won Cheong, Yunsuk Choi, Philip Choi, Maria Teresa Corsetti, Isabel Montero Cuadrado, Julia Cunningham, Gandhi Laurent Damaj, Valerio De Stefano, Robert Delage, Regina Garcĺa Delgado, Jose Miguel Torregrosa Diaz, Péter Dombi, Viviane Dubruille, Miklós Egyed, Daniel El Fassi, Anna Elinder-Camburn, Elena Maria Elli, Martin Ellis, Carmen Fava, Salman Fazal, Angela Fleischman, Lynda Foltz, Laura Fox, Nashat Gabrail, Jose Valentĺn Garcĺa-Gutiérrez, Aaron Gerds, Stephane Girault, Heinz Gisslinger, Alexandru Gluvacov, Yeow Tee Goh, Joachim Göthert, Nikki Granacher, Vikas Gupta, Evgeni (Evgueniy) Hadjiev (Hadzhiev), Kaoutar Hafraoui, Aryan Hamed, Claire Harrison, Hans Hasselbalch, Hanns Hauser, Mark Heaney, Holger Hebart, Jesus Maria Hernandez Rivas, Victor Higuero Saavedra, Christopher Hillis, Hsin An Hou, Jonathan How, Daniel Huang, Marek Hus, Arpad Illés, Alessandro Isidori, Alessandra Iurlo, Vadim Ivanov, Peter Johansson, Chul Won Jung, Jean Jacques Kiladjian, Ilya Kirgner, Maya Koren-Michowitz, Steffen Koschmieder, Szabolcs Ors Kosztolanyi, Natalia Kreiniz, Andrew Kuykendall, Jonathan Lambert, Kamel Laribi, Axelle Lascaux, Noa Lavie, David Lavie, Mihaela Lazaroiu, Michael Leahy, Ewa Lech-Maranda, Sung Eun Lee, Won Sik Lee, Ollivier Legrand, Roberto Lemoli, James Liang, Sung Nam Lim, Michael Loschi, Alessandro Lucchesi, Ioan Macarie, Jean Pierre Marolleau, Maurizio Martelli, Jiri Mayer, James McCloskey, Christopher McDermott, Brandon McMahon, Priyanka Mehta, Ruben Mesa, Gábor Mikala, Dragana Milojkovic, Philippe Mineur, Elena Mishchenko, Joon Ho Moon, Zsolt Nagy, Srinivasan Narayanan, Casey O'Connell, Luminita Ocroteala, Stephen Oh, Mario Ojeda-Uribe, Kiat Hoe Ong, Folashade Otegbeye, Jeanne Palmer, Fabrizio Pane, Francesco Passamonti, Andrea Patriarca, Andrew Perkins, Giuseppe Pietrantuono, Mark Plander, Uwe Platzbecker, Ritam Prasad, Witold Prejzner, Tobias Rachow, Atanas Radinoff, László Rejtő, Ciro Rinaldi, Tadeusz Robak, Maria Angeles Fernandez Rodriguez, Aaron Ronson, David Ross, Tomasz Sacha, Parvis Sadjadian, Antonio Salar, Guillermo Sanz Santillana, Christof Scheid, Aline Schmidt, Marianne Tang Severinsen, Vera Stoeva, Paweł Szwedyk, Mario Tiribelli, Karolin Trautmann-Grill, Amy Trottier, Nikolay Tzvetkov, Janusz van Droogenbroeck, Alessandro Vannucchi, Srdan Verstovsek, Nicola Vianelli, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Dominik Wolf, Dariusz Woszczyk, Tomasz Woźny, Tomasz Wróbel, Blanca Xicoy, Su Peng Yeh, Sung Soo Yoon

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92 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors approved for myelofibrosis provide spleen and symptom improvements but do not meaningfully improve anaemia. Momelotinib, a first-in-class inhibitor of activin A receptor type 1 as well as JAK1 and JAK2, has shown symptom, spleen, and anaemia benefits in myelofibrosis. We aimed to confirm the differentiated clinical benefits of momelotinib versus the active comparator danazol in JAK-inhibitor-exposed, symptomatic patients with anaemia and intermediate-risk or high-risk myelofibrosis. Methods: MOMENTUM is an international, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 study that enrolled patients at 107 sites across 21 countries worldwide. Eligible patients were 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of primary myelofibrosis or post-polycythaemia vera or post-essential thrombocythaemia myelofibrosis. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive momelotinib (200 mg orally once per day) plus danazol placebo (ie, the momelotinib group) or danazol (300 mg orally twice per day) plus momelotinib placebo (ie, the danazol group), stratified by total symptom score (TSS; <22 vs ≥22), spleen size (<12 cm vs ≥12 cm), red blood cell or whole blood units transfused in the 8 weeks before randomisation (0 units vs 1–4 units vs ≥5 units), and study site. The primary endpoint was the Myelofibrosis Symptom Assessment Form (MFSAF) TSS response rate at week 24 (defined as ≥50% reduction in mean MFSAF TSS over the 28 days immediately before the end of week 24 compared with baseline). MOMENTUM is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04173494, and is active but not recruiting. Findings: 195 patients were randomly assigned to either the momelotinib group (130 [67%]) or danazol group (65 [33%]) and received study treatment in the 24-week randomised treatment period between April 24, 2020, and Dec 3, 2021. A significantly greater proportion of patients in the momelotinib group reported a 50% or more reduction in TSS than in the danazol group (32 [25%] of 130 vs six [9%] of 65; proportion difference 16% [95% CI 6–26], p=0·0095). The most frequent grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent adverse events with momelotinib and danazol were haematological abnormalities by laboratory values: anaemia (79 [61%] of 130 vs 49 [75%] of 65) and thrombocytopenia (36 [28%] vs 17 [26%]). The most frequent non-haematological grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent adverse events with momelotinib and danazol were acute kidney injury (four [3%] of 130 vs six [9%] of 65) and pneumonia (three [2%] vs six [9%]). Interpretation: Treatment with momelotinib, compared with danazol, resulted in clinically significant improvements in myelofibrosis-associated symptoms, anaemia measures, and spleen response, with favourable safety. These findings support the future use of momelotinib as an effective treatment in patients with myelofibrosis, especially in those with anaemia. Funding: Sierra Oncology.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)269-280
Number of pages12
JournalThe Lancet
Volume401
Issue number10373
DOIs
StatePublished - 28 Jan 2023

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