Microwave-assisted synthesis of submicrometer GaO(OH) and Ga 2O3 rods

Chitta Ranjan Patra; Yitzhak Mastai; Aharon Gedanken

doi:10.1007/s11051-004-2715-y

Microwave-assisted synthesis of submicrometer GaO(OH) and Ga ₂O₃ rods

Chitta Ranjan Patra, Yitzhak Mastai, Aharon Gedanken

Department of Chemistry

Bar-Ilan University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

Submicrometer sized gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) and gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) rods have been successfully fabricated on a large scale by refluxing an aqueous solution of Ga(NO₃)₃ and NH₄OH in a simple domestic microwave oven (DMO). The structures, morphologies, compositions and physical properties of the as-synthesized and calcined products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), selected area energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SAEDS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM images show that submicrometer sized as-synthesized Ga O(OH) rods have diameters of 0.3-0.5 μm and lengths of 3.2-3.5 μm. The calcined product consists of submicrometer rods with diameters of 0.4-0.5 μm and lengths of 5-5.5 μm. XRD, EDX and SAED analysis together indicate that the as-synthesized product has an orthorhombic gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) crystal structure, and that the calcined product is rhombohedral Ga₂O₃. A possible mechanism for the formation of submicrometer sized GaO(OH) rods is discussed briefly.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	509-518
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Nanoparticle Research
Volume	6
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-004-2715-y
State	Published - Oct 2004

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Dr. C.R. Patra and Prof. A. Gedanken thank the EC for a research grant IST-2001-39112, awarded through the 5th Program to a consortium entitled NANOPHOS. Dr. Patra is also thankful to Dr. Tova Tamari, Dr. Judith Grinblat, and Dr. Yuri Koltypin for their help with TEM and HRTEM measurements and kind technical support, respectively. We are also thankful to Ms Louise Braverman for editorial assistance.

Funding

Dr. C.R. Patra and Prof. A. Gedanken thank the EC for a research grant IST-2001-39112, awarded through the 5th Program to a consortium entitled NANOPHOS. Dr. Patra is also thankful to Dr. Tova Tamari, Dr. Judith Grinblat, and Dr. Yuri Koltypin for their help with TEM and HRTEM measurements and kind technical support, respectively. We are also thankful to Ms Louise Braverman for editorial assistance.

Funders	Funder number
5th Program
European Commission	IST-2001-39112

Keywords

GaO
GaO(OH)
Gallium oxide
Gallium oxide hydroxide
Microwave synthesis
Nanoparticles
Semiconductors
Submicrometer rods

Access to Document

10.1007/s11051-004-2715-y

Cite this

@article{1cc37145f4174042b26c4e134d4824a2,

title = "Microwave-assisted synthesis of submicrometer GaO(OH) and Ga 2O3 rods",

abstract = "Submicrometer sized gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) and gallium oxide (Ga2O3) rods have been successfully fabricated on a large scale by refluxing an aqueous solution of Ga(NO3)3 and NH4OH in a simple domestic microwave oven (DMO). The structures, morphologies, compositions and physical properties of the as-synthesized and calcined products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), selected area energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SAEDS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM images show that submicrometer sized as-synthesized Ga O(OH) rods have diameters of 0.3-0.5 μm and lengths of 3.2-3.5 μm. The calcined product consists of submicrometer rods with diameters of 0.4-0.5 μm and lengths of 5-5.5 μm. XRD, EDX and SAED analysis together indicate that the as-synthesized product has an orthorhombic gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) crystal structure, and that the calcined product is rhombohedral Ga2O3. A possible mechanism for the formation of submicrometer sized GaO(OH) rods is discussed briefly.",

keywords = "GaO, GaO(OH), Gallium oxide, Gallium oxide hydroxide, Microwave synthesis, Nanoparticles, Semiconductors, Submicrometer rods",

author = "Patra, {Chitta Ranjan} and Yitzhak Mastai and Aharon Gedanken",

note = "Funding Information: Dr. C.R. Patra and Prof. A. Gedanken thank the EC for a research grant IST-2001-39112, awarded through the 5th Program to a consortium entitled NANOPHOS. Dr. Patra is also thankful to Dr. Tova Tamari, Dr. Judith Grinblat, and Dr. Yuri Koltypin for their help with TEM and HRTEM measurements and kind technical support, respectively. We are also thankful to Ms Louise Braverman for editorial assistance.",

year = "2004",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1007/s11051-004-2715-y",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "6",

pages = "509--518",

journal = "Journal of Nanoparticle Research",

issn = "1388-0764",

publisher = "Springer Netherlands",

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T1 - Microwave-assisted synthesis of submicrometer GaO(OH) and Ga 2O3 rods

AU - Patra, Chitta Ranjan

AU - Mastai, Yitzhak

AU - Gedanken, Aharon

N1 - Funding Information: Dr. C.R. Patra and Prof. A. Gedanken thank the EC for a research grant IST-2001-39112, awarded through the 5th Program to a consortium entitled NANOPHOS. Dr. Patra is also thankful to Dr. Tova Tamari, Dr. Judith Grinblat, and Dr. Yuri Koltypin for their help with TEM and HRTEM measurements and kind technical support, respectively. We are also thankful to Ms Louise Braverman for editorial assistance.

PY - 2004/10

Y1 - 2004/10

N2 - Submicrometer sized gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) and gallium oxide (Ga2O3) rods have been successfully fabricated on a large scale by refluxing an aqueous solution of Ga(NO3)3 and NH4OH in a simple domestic microwave oven (DMO). The structures, morphologies, compositions and physical properties of the as-synthesized and calcined products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), selected area energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SAEDS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM images show that submicrometer sized as-synthesized Ga O(OH) rods have diameters of 0.3-0.5 μm and lengths of 3.2-3.5 μm. The calcined product consists of submicrometer rods with diameters of 0.4-0.5 μm and lengths of 5-5.5 μm. XRD, EDX and SAED analysis together indicate that the as-synthesized product has an orthorhombic gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) crystal structure, and that the calcined product is rhombohedral Ga2O3. A possible mechanism for the formation of submicrometer sized GaO(OH) rods is discussed briefly.

AB - Submicrometer sized gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) and gallium oxide (Ga2O3) rods have been successfully fabricated on a large scale by refluxing an aqueous solution of Ga(NO3)3 and NH4OH in a simple domestic microwave oven (DMO). The structures, morphologies, compositions and physical properties of the as-synthesized and calcined products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), selected area energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SAEDS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM images show that submicrometer sized as-synthesized Ga O(OH) rods have diameters of 0.3-0.5 μm and lengths of 3.2-3.5 μm. The calcined product consists of submicrometer rods with diameters of 0.4-0.5 μm and lengths of 5-5.5 μm. XRD, EDX and SAED analysis together indicate that the as-synthesized product has an orthorhombic gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) crystal structure, and that the calcined product is rhombohedral Ga2O3. A possible mechanism for the formation of submicrometer sized GaO(OH) rods is discussed briefly.

KW - GaO

KW - GaO(OH)

KW - Gallium oxide

KW - Gallium oxide hydroxide

KW - Microwave synthesis

KW - Nanoparticles

KW - Semiconductors

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VL - 6

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JO - Journal of Nanoparticle Research

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