Lung function from school age to adulthood in primary ciliary dyskinesia

Florian S. Halbeisen, Eva S.L. Pedersen, Myrofora Goutaki, Ben D. Spycher, Israel Amirav, Mieke Boon, Malena Cohen-Cymberknoh, Suzanne Crowley, Nagehan Emiralioglu, Eric G. Haarman, Bulent Karadag, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Philipp Latzin, Michael R. Loebinger, Jane S. Lucas, Henryk Mazurek, Lucy Morgan, June Marthin, Petr Pohunek, Francesca SantamariaNicolaus Schwerk, Guillaume Thouvenin, Panayiotis Yiallouros, Kim G. Nielsen, Claudia E. Kuehni

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) presents with symptoms early in life and the disease course may be progressive, but longitudinal data on lung function are scarce. This multinational cohort study describes lung function trajectories in children, adolescents and young adults with PCD. We analysed data from 486 patients with repeated lung function measurements obtained between the age of 6 and 24 years from the International PCD Cohort and calculated z-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC ratio using the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 references. We described baseline lung function and change of lung function over time and described their associations with possible determinants in mixed-effects linear regression models. Overall, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC z-scores declined over time (average crude annual FEV1 decline was −0.07 z-scores), but not at the same rate for all patients. FEV1 z-scores improved over time in 21% of patients, remained stable in 40% and declined in 39%. Low body mass index was associated with poor baseline lung function and with further decline. Results differed by country and ultrastructural defect, but we found no evidence of differences by sex, calendar year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, diagnostic certainty or laterality defect. Our study shows that on average lung function in PCD declines throughout the entire period of lung growth, from childhood to young adult age, even among patients treated in specialised centres. It is essential to develop strategies to reverse this tendency and improve prognosis.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2101918
JournalEuropean Respiratory Journal
Volume60
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Oct 2022
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 European Respiratory Society. All rights reserved.

Funding

Support statement: This study is supported by Swiss National Science Foundation (320030B_192804). The development of the iPCD Cohort has been funded from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme under EG-GA number 35404 BESTCILIA: Better Experimental Screening and Treatment for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. PCD research at ISPM Bern also receives national funding from the Lung Leagues of Bern, St Gallen, Vaud, Ticino, and Valais, and the Milena-Carvajal Pro Kartagener Foundation. M. Goutaki is supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation fellowship (PZ00P3_185923). Most participating researchers and data contributors participate in the BEAT-PCD clinical research collaboration, supported by the European Respiratory Society and the ERN-LUNG (PCD core). The contribution by the Prague centre was supported by Czech health research council AZV ČR (NV 19-07-00210). Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry.

FundersFunder number
Czech health research council AZV ČRNV 19-07-00210
Milena-Carvajal Pro Kartagener FoundationPZ00P3_185923
European Respiratory Society
Seventh Framework Programme35404
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung320030B_192804

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