Abstract
Ocular drug delivery offers unique challenges and opportunities in the era of novel therapeutic agents ranging from small molecules to gene therapies. Noninvasive delivery of drugs into the back of the eye or any part of the eye is extremely limited by short precorneal residence time and formidable biological barriers. The eye is a sensitive, sensory organ that requires a high level of material and procedural safety, while achieving therapeutic efficacy. Some recent advances and unmet needs for ocular drug delivery and disposition are discussed in this article. Specifically, nanomedicines, physical and chemical means to enhance delivery, stimuli-responsive delivery systems, the role of vitreal binding on ocular pharmacokinetics, and the influence of aging eye on drug delivery, and the associated unmet needs are highlighted. Additionally, the unmet needs in the medication management for the elderly patients with eye diseases are discussed.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 457-465 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics |
Volume | 35 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2019 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© Copyright 2019, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2019.
Funding
The article is based in part on the transcript of Hot Topics in Drug Delivery Session from The International Symposium on Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (ISOPT Clinical, April 10, 2018), wherein all the authors participated. The ISOPT Clinical Cornea/External Eye section was chaired by Penny A. Asbell and the hot topics session was organized and chaired by Uday B. Kompella and Diane Tang-Liu. The authors are thankful to Mrs. Rachel R. Hartman for editorial assistance in preparing this article. Preparation of this manuscript is supported in part by the NIH grant EY029887.
Funders | Funder number |
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National Institutes of Health | EY029887 |
Keywords
- drug delivery
- nanomedicines
- pigment binding
- stimuli-responsive drug delivery
- vitreous binding