Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) are extensively used in human and veterinary medicine. Due to their partial removal by wastewater treatment plants, they are frequent environmental contaminants, particularly in drinking water. Here, we investigated the adverse outcomes of chronic exposure to mixtures of NSAIDs (ibuprofen, 2hydroxy-ibuprofen, diclofenac) and EE2 at two environmentally relevant doses in drinking water, on the reproductive organ development and fertility in F1-exposed male and female mice and in their F2 offspring. In male and female F1 mice, which were exposed to these mixtures, reproductive organ maturation, estrous cyclicity, and spermiogenesis were altered. These defects were observed also in F2 animals, in addition to some specific sperm parameter alterations in F2 males. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression patterns and associated pathways implicated in testis and ovarian physiology. Chronic exposure of mice to NSAID and EE2 mixtures at environmental doses intergenerationally affected male and female fertility (i.e. total number of pups and time between litters). Our study provides new insights into the adverse effects of these pharmaceuticals on the reproductive health and will facilitate the implementation of a future regulatory environmental risk assessment of NSAIDs and EE2 for human health.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 114085 |
Journal | Food and Chemical Toxicology |
Volume | 182 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Funding
We are grateful to the staff (particularly Elodie Belan, Karim Mesbah) of the IGH/IGF animal care facility. Montpellier GenomiX (MGX) acknowledges financial support from France Génomique National infrastructure , funded as part of “Investissement d’Avenir” program managed by Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (contract ANR-10-INBS-09 ). We also thank Dr Marie-Pierre Blanchard and Amélie Sarrazin from the IGH Imaging facility (MRI Montpellier) for their help with microscopy analyses, and Drs Nelly Pirot and Florence Bernex from the Réseau d’Histologie de Montpellier (RHEM) for advice on histology staining and analysis. This project was supported by the French National Research Program for Environmental and Occupational Health of ANSES ( PNREST ANSES, 2020/01/025 ) to B. B.-B, and by the CNRS and University of Montpellier . This project was supported by the French National Research Program for Environmental and Occupational Health of ANSES (PNREST ANSES, 2020/01/025) to B. B.-B, and by the CNRS and University of Montpellier.We are grateful to the staff (particularly Elodie Belan, Karim Mesbah) of the IGH/IGF animal care facility. Montpellier GenomiX (MGX) acknowledges financial support from France Génomique National infrastructure, funded as part of “Investissement d'Avenir” program managed by Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (contract ANR-10-INBS-09). We also thank Dr Marie-Pierre Blanchard and Amélie Sarrazin from the IGH Imaging facility (MRI Montpellier) for their help with microscopy analyses, and Drs Nelly Pirot and Florence Bernex from the Réseau d'Histologie de Montpellier (RHEM) for advice on histology staining and analysis.
Funders | Funder number |
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University of Montpellier.We | |
Agence Nationale de la Recherche | ANR-10-INBS-09 |
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique | |
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail | 2020/01/025 |
Université de Montpellier |
Keywords
- EE2
- Environmental doses
- Fertility
- Gonad transcriptome
- Mice
- NSAIDs
- Ovary
- Testis