Abstract
Impulsive risk taking contributes to deleterious outcomes among clinical populations. Indeed, pathological impulsivity and risk taking are common in patients with serious mental illness, and have severe clinical repercussions including novelty seeking, response disinhibition, aggression, and substance abuse. Thus, the current study seeks to examine self-reported impulsivity (Barratt Impulsivity Scale) and performance-based behavioral risk taking (Balloon Analogue Risk Task) in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Participants included 68 individuals with bipolar disorder, 38 with schizophrenia, and 36 healthy controls. Self-reported impulsivity was elevated in the bipolar group compared with schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, who did not differ from each other. On the risk-taking task, schizophrenia patients were significantly more risk averse than the bipolar patients and controls. Aside from the diagnostic group differences, there was a significant effect of antipsychotic (AP) medication within the bipolar group: bipolar patients taking AP medications were more risk averse than those not taking AP medications. This difference in risk taking because of AP medications was not explained by history of psychosis. Similarly, the differences in risk taking between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were not fully explained by AP effects. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 456-463 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Neuropsychopharmacology |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 2014 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Dr Green has served as a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Amgen, Biogen, Mnemosyne, Roche, and Shire. He has received research support from Amgen. Dr Altshuler has received past funding from Sepracor (advisory board honoraria, January 2010), Eli Lilly (consultant, September 2010), and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, and H. Lundbeck A/S (advisory board honoraria, October 2012); and past and potential future funding from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. (advisory board honoraria, Jan 2013). Dr Miklowitz has received research funding from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), the Danny Alberts Foundation, the Attias Family Foundation, and the Robert L Sutherland Founda- tion; and book royalties from Guilford Press and John Wiley & Sons. Dr Davis is named as a co-inventor on a University of California provisional patent application entitled ‘Methods of using (S)-Hydroxyzine and (R)-Hydroxyzine.’ Dr Reddy, Dr Glahn, and Dr Lee have no conflicts of interests or disclosures.
Funding
Dr Green has served as a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Amgen, Biogen, Mnemosyne, Roche, and Shire. He has received research support from Amgen. Dr Altshuler has received past funding from Sepracor (advisory board honoraria, January 2010), Eli Lilly (consultant, September 2010), and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, and H. Lundbeck A/S (advisory board honoraria, October 2012); and past and potential future funding from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. (advisory board honoraria, Jan 2013). Dr Miklowitz has received research funding from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), the Danny Alberts Foundation, the Attias Family Foundation, and the Robert L Sutherland Founda- tion; and book royalties from Guilford Press and John Wiley & Sons. Dr Davis is named as a co-inventor on a University of California provisional patent application entitled ‘Methods of using (S)-Hydroxyzine and (R)-Hydroxyzine.’ Dr Reddy, Dr Glahn, and Dr Lee have no conflicts of interests or disclosures.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Attias Family Foundation | |
| Danny Alberts Foundation | |
| Guilford Press and John Wiley & Sons | |
| Robert L Sutherland Founda | |
| National Institute of Mental Health | RC1MH089634 |
| Eli Lilly and Company | |
| Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America | |
| Sunovion | |
| National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression |
Keywords
- behavioral sciences
- dopamine
- psychopharmacology
- schizophrenia
