Abstract
Many real-world networks are embedded in space, and their resilience in the presence of reinforced nodes has not been studied. In this paper, we use a spatial network model with an exponential distribution of link length r and a characteristic length ζ to model such networks. We find that reinforced nodes can significantly increase the resilience of the networks, which varies with the strength of spatial embedding. We also study different reinforced node distribution strategies for improving the network's resilience. Interestingly, we find that the best strategy is highly dependent on the expected magnitude of failures which we analyze using percolation theory. Finally, we show that the reinforced nodes are analogous to an external field in the percolation phase transition and that their critical exponents satisfy Widom's relation.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 61002 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | EPL |
| Volume | 142 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:Copyright © 2023 EPLA.
Funding
We thank the Israel Science Foundation, the Binational Israel-China Science Foundation Grant No. 3132/19, ONR, NSF-BSF Grant No. 2019740, the EU H2020 project RISE (Project No. 821115), the EU H2020 DIT4TRAM, the EU Horizon grant OMINO (No. 101086321) and DTRA Grant No. HDTRA-1-19-1-0016 for financial support. BG acknowledges the support of the Mordecai and Monique Katz Graduate Fellowship Program.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Binational Israel-China Science Foundation | 3132/19 |
| EU H2020 | 821115 |
| EU Horizon | HDTRA-1-19-1-0016, 101086321 |
| NSF-BSF | 2019740 |
| Office of Naval Research | |
| Israel Science Foundation |