How to share a secret, infinitely

Ilan Komargodski, Moni Naor, Eylon Yogev

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Secret sharing schemes allow a dealer to distribute a secret piece of information among several parties such that only qualified subsets of parties can reconstruct the secret. The collection of qualified subsets is called an access structure. The best known example is the k-threshold access structure, where the qualified subsets are those of size at least k. When k = 2 and there are n parties, there are schemes where the size of the share each party gets is roughly log n bits, and this is tight even for secrets of 1 bit. In these schemes, the number of parties n must be given in advance to the dealer. In this work we consider the case where the set of parties is not known in advance and could potentially be infinite. Our goal is to give the tth party arriving the smallest possible share as a function of t. Our main result is such a scheme for the k-threshold access structure where the share size of party t is (k − 1) ・ log t + poly(k) ・ o(log t). For k = 2 we observe an equivalence to prefix codes and present matching upper and lower bounds of the form log t + log log t + log log log t + O(1). Finally, we show that for any access structure there exists such a secret sharing scheme with shares of size 2t−1.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationTheory of Cryptography - 14th International Conference, TCC 2016-B, Proceedings
EditorsAdam Smith, Martin Hirt
PublisherSpringer Verlag
Pages485-514
Number of pages30
ISBN (Print)9783662536438
DOIs
StatePublished - 2016
Externally publishedYes
Event14th International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, TCC 2016-B - Beijing, China
Duration: 31 Oct 20163 Nov 2016

Publication series

NameLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume9986 LNCS
ISSN (Print)0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)1611-3349

Conference

Conference14th International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, TCC 2016-B
Country/TerritoryChina
CityBeijing
Period31/10/163/11/16

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© International Association for Cryptologic Research 2016.

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