Fine structure and chemical shifts in nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering from Li-intercalated graphite

M. Balasubramanian, C. S. Johnson, J. O. Cross, G. T. Seidler, T. T. Fister, E. A. Stern, C. Hamner, S. O. Mariager

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Abstract

The authors report measurements of hard x-ray nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) from the Li and C 1s electrons of fully staged Li C6 Li-intercalated graphite prepared by both chemical and electrochemical methods. They find that the Li 1s orbital shifts to higher energies relative to Li metal. Relative to graphite, the C 1s IXS for Li C6 shows a shift for the -orbital threshold to lower energies, but no shift for the π* resonance. The findings provide bulk-sensitive evidence for substantial charge transfer from the Li intercalant to the carbon host and establish important groundwork for future in situ electrochemical studies.

Original languageEnglish
Article number031904
JournalApplied Physics Letters
Volume91
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2007
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge J. E. Fischer and S. E. Schnatterly for helpful discussions. One of the authors (M.B.) thanks C.-C. Kao and K. Hämäläinen for introducing him to the IXS technique. This research was supported by ONR Grant No. N00014-05-1-0843, and by the Leonard X. Bosack and Bette M. Kruger Charitable Foundation. PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

Funding

The authors acknowledge J. E. Fischer and S. E. Schnatterly for helpful discussions. One of the authors (M.B.) thanks C.-C. Kao and K. Hämäläinen for introducing him to the IXS technique. This research was supported by ONR Grant No. N00014-05-1-0843, and by the Leonard X. Bosack and Bette M. Kruger Charitable Foundation. PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

FundersFunder number
Advanced Photon Source
U.S. Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences
Office of Naval ResearchN00014-05-1-0843
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy SciencesDE-AC02-06CH11357
Leonard X. Bosack and Bette M. Kruger Charitable Foundation
University of Washington
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Simon Fraser University

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