Abstract
Anode materials for Li-ion batteries based on a conversion mechanism show very high theoretical specific capacities. In particular, phosphide materials display volumetric and gravimetric capacities far beyond graphite, approaching those of silicon-based materials. However, the slow kinetics and large mechanical strain during the conversion process are challenging issues toward enabling phosphide-based anode materials. Here, we synthesize a copper phosphide free-standing membrane and show the benefits of this approach, which provides lighter electrodes with faster kinetics during lithiation and delithiation. The Cu3P membrane is both binder-free and carbon black-free, and its synthetic process involves a simple chemical vapor deposition of phosphorus on a composite polymer-copper membrane at a moderate temperature of 429 °C. Microscopic and other methods show the purity of the phase and of the porous structure within the membrane. Galvanostatic cycling reveals an initial discharge reaching the theoretical capacity, high reversible capacity of 320 mAh/gelectrode (including the current collector), and good kinetics for phosphide-based materials at C/5 rate.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 846-854 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Electrochimica Acta |
Volume | 292 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Dec 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Funding
The authors thank Dr Yuval Elias for his meticulous proofreading of the manuscript and Anya Muzikansky for the fruitful discussions and help with SEM imaging. This work is partially supported by the Planning & Budgeting Committee of the Council of High Education and the Prime Minister Office of Israel, in the framework of the INREP project.
Funders | Funder number |
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Council of High Education | |
Prime Minister office of Israel | |
Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for Higher Education of Israel |
Keywords
- Copper membrane
- Copper phosphide
- Lithium-ion battery anode
- Solid state reaction