Abstract
Ranking alternatives is a natural way for humans to explain their preferences. It is being used in many settings, such as school choice (NY, Boston), course allocations, and the Israeli medical lottery. In some cases (such as the latter two), several "items" are given to each participant. Without having any information on the underlying cardinal utilities, arguing about fairness of allocation requires extending the ordinal item ranking to ordinal bundle ranking. The most commonly used such extension is stochastic dominance (SD), where a bundle X is preferred over a bundle Y if its score is better according to all additive score functions. SD is a very conservative extension, by which few allocations are necessarily fair while many allocations are possibly fair. We propose to make a natural assumption on the underlying cardinal utilities of the players, namely that the difference between two items at the top is at least as large as the difference between two items down the list. This assumption implies a preference extension which we call diminishing differences (DD), where a X is preferred over Y if its score is better according to all additive score functions satisfying the DD assumption. We give a full characterization of allocations that are necessarily-proportional or possiblyproportional according to this assumption. Based on this characterization, we present a polynomialtime algorithm for finding a necessarily-DDproportional allocation if it exists. Simulations based on a simple random model show that with high probability, a necessarily-proportional allocation does not exist but a necessarily-DDproportional allocation exists. Moreover, that allocation is proportional according to the underlying cardinal utilities.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Title of host publication | 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2017 |
Editors | Carles Sierra |
Publisher | International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence |
Pages | 1254-1261 |
Number of pages | 8 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780999241103 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2017 |
Event | 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2017 - Melbourne, Australia Duration: 19 Aug 2017 → 25 Aug 2017 |
Publication series
Name | IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence |
---|---|
Volume | 0 |
ISSN (Print) | 1045-0823 |
Conference
Conference | 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2017 |
---|---|
Country/Territory | Australia |
City | Melbourne |
Period | 19/08/17 → 25/08/17 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Haris Aziz is supported by a Julius Career Award. Erel is supported by the ISF grant 1083/13, the Doctoral Fellowships of Excellence Program and the Mordecai and Monique Katz Graduate Fellowship Program at Bar-Ilan University. Avinatan Hassidim is supported by ISF grant 1394/16.
Funding
Haris Aziz is supported by a Julius Career Award. Erel is supported by the ISF grant 1083/13, the Doctoral Fellowships of Excellence Program and the Mordecai and Monique Katz Graduate Fellowship Program at Bar-Ilan University. Avinatan Hassidim is supported by ISF grant 1394/16.
Funders | Funder number |
---|---|
Mordecai and Monique Katz Graduate Fellowship Program at Bar-Ilan University | 1394/16 |
Israel Science Foundation | 1083/13 |