Examining multiprotein signaling complexes from all angles: The use of complementary techniques to characterize complex formation at the adapter protein, linker for activation of T cells

Dynamic protein-protein interactions are involved in most physiological processes and, in particular, for the formation of multiprotein signaling complexes at transmembrane receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules. Because the unregulated induction of signaling complexes has substantial clinical relevance, the investigation of these complexes is an active area of research. These studies strive to answer questions about the composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes, along with the molecular mechanisms of their formation. In this review, the adapter protein, linker for activation of T cells (LAT), will be employed as a model to exemplify how signaling complexes are characterized using a range of techniques. The intensive investigation of LAT highlights how the systematic use of complementary techniques leads to an integrated understanding of the formation, composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes that occur at receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules.