Energy detection: Efficient utilization of electromagnetic radio spectrum in CR network

In wireless communication network, the electromagnetic spectrum and allocated to the primary users (PU) or licensed users for certain services, such that broadcast, mobile, Wi-Fi, and satellite, etc. But at particular geographic location and time these channels are not used by primary users called as unused or empty bands. These bands are utilized by secondary users (SU) that are unlicensed users. To overcome this problem and effective spectrum utilization of channels the spectrum sensing is required. Spectrum sensing for the detection of spectrum holes is carried out by cognitive radio. Cognitive Radio is a recent and promising technology to improve the efficiency of the utilization of available spectrum bands. Cognitive Radio is a transceiver used to detect the vacant or unused bands for the utilization of vacant bands. Energy Detection is one of the detection technique most preferred for the spectrum sensing due to its simple design and low computational cost. In this paper the performance of probability of detection verses probability of false alarm at -10db, -15db and -20db SNR is checked by Energy Detection technique with the help of Matlab.