Abstract
Rubber band ligation is a commonly used method for the removal of tissue abnormalities. Most often, rubber band ligation is performed to remove internal hemorrhoids unresponsive to first line treatments to avoid surgery. While the procedure is considered safe, patients experience mild to significant pain and discomfort until the tissue sloughs off. As patients often require multiple bandings and sessions, reducing these side effects can have a considerable effect on patient adherence and quality of life. To reduce pain and discomfort, we developed drug-eluting rubber bands for ligation procedures. We investigated the potential for a band to elute anesthetics and drug combinations to durably manage pain for a period of up to 5 days while exhibiting similar mechanical properties to conventional rubber bands. We show that the rubber bands retain their mechanical properties despite significant drug loading. Lidocaine, released from the bands, successfully altered the calcium dynamics of cardiomyocytes in vitro and modulated heart rate in zebrafish embryos, while the bands exhibited lower cytotoxicity than conventional bands. Ex vivo studies demonstrated substantial local drug release in enteric tissues. These latex-free bands exhibited sufficient mechanical and drug-eluting properties to serve both ligation and local analgesic functions, potentially enabling pain reduction for multiple indications.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 27675-27685 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces |
Volume | 14 |
Issue number | 24 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 22 Jun 2022 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
Funding
This work was supported in part by the Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA008748, National Science Foundation CAREER Award 1752506, Mr. William H. Goodwin and Mrs. Alice Goodwin and the Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research, and The Experimental Therapeutics Center. E.J. acknowledges support from F31 Grant AR079215. Swine work was supported by the Thompson Family Foundation.
Funders | Funder number |
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Experimental Therapeutics Center | AR079215 |
National Science Foundation | 1752506 |
National Cancer Institute | P30CA008748 |
Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research Foundation | |
Thompson Family Foundation |
Keywords
- controlled release
- drug delivery
- drug release
- elastomer
- hemorrhoids
- pain management
- rubber