Determination of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine: A potential biomarker of oxidative stress, using carbon-allotropic nanomaterials modified glassy carbon sensor

A voltammetric sensor for the determination of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG); an important, sensitive and integral biomarker of oxidative stress and related pathological conditions like carcinogenesis, renal disorders, mental retardations, diabetes etc. has been fabricated. The synergistic behavior of two allotropic forms of carbon, which are electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), has been exploited for the surface modification. The resulting modified surface has been characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and voltammetric behavior. The fabricated sensor exhibited excellent electrocatalytic effect towards oxidation of 8-OHdG and also showed substantial increment in sensitivity. The modified sensor showed a sensitivity of 0.1965 µA/µM in the linear range of 3–75 µM, whereas, a slope of 0.0046 µA/µM was obtained for unmodified GCE. A limit of detection as low as 35 nM has been obtained using the glassy carbon surface modified sensor. The proposed method was also successfully applied for the quantification of 8-OHdG in the presence of common interfering biomolecules like ascorbic acid, uric acid, xanthine, hypoxanthine etc. and also in human urine samples.