Cross-sectional analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in children with parental history of premature ischemic heart disease

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in children with a parental history of premature ischemic heart disease (two-or threevessel disease diagnosed before the age of 55 in men and 65 in women). A prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 55 children. The following parameters were assessed: body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, lipids profile, fasting glucose (FG), C-reactive protein (CRP), and carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT). Twenty-eight children had hypercholesterolemia, and 11 had other forms of dyslipidemia. Sixteen children had a high BMI; 17 had increased CRP levels; 2 were hypertensive; and 2 had impaired FG. CIMT levels were not correlated with age (Pearson r = -0.486; p = 0.78) and height (Pearson r = -6.31; p = 0.84), but they were correlated with cholesterol levels (Spearman r = 0.375; p < 0.005). Most patients (83%) had ≥2 risk factors; half of them had ≥3 risk factors. We concluded that these at-risk children should be carefully screened for all known risk factors.