Clinical Outcomes of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with and without SGLT2 Inhibitor Treatment: A Retrospective Study

Afif Nakhleh, Areen Othman, Amin Masri, Moshe Zloczower, Sagit Zolotov, Naim Shehadeh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical course and outcomes of DKA in T2DM patients who received treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors versus those who did not. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on T2DM patients who were admitted to the Rambam Health Care Campus with DKA between 7/2015 and 9/2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained from electronic medical records. Outpatient mortality was monitored until 12/2022. Results: Of 71 T2DM patients admitted with DKA, 16 (22.5%) were on SGLT2 inhibitor treatment upon admission. SGLT2 inhibitor users had a higher BMI and were less likely to be treated with insulin. During hospitalization, the rates of acute kidney injury, concomitant infections, and inpatient mortality among SGLT2 inhibitor users were comparable to non-users. The median follow-up period was 35.1 months for the SGLT2 inhibitor users and 36.7 months for non-users. The long-term mortality from any cause was lower among the SGLT2 inhibitor users (12.5% vs. 52.7%, p = 0.004). In Cox regression analysis, SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with a lower risk of long-term mortality from any cause (HR = 0.19, p = 0.04). Conclusion: T2DM patients with DKA who received SGLT2 inhibitors had lower long-term mortality from any cause compared to those who did not receive SGLT2 inhibitors.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2689
JournalBiomedicines
Volume11
Issue number10
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.

Keywords

  • diabetic ketoacidosis
  • mortality from any cause
  • SGLT2 inhibitors
  • type 2 diabetes mellitus

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