Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000

Michal Y. Chowers; Ruth Lang; Faris Nassar; Debora Ben-David; Michael Giladi; Eitan Rubinshtein; Avi Itzhaki; Josef Mishal; Yardena Siegman-Igra; Ruth Kitzes; Neora Pick; Zvi Landau; Dana Wolf; Hanna Bin; Ella Mendelson; Silvio D. Pitlik; Miriam Weinberger

doi:10.3201/eid0704.017414

Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000

Michal Y. Chowers, Ruth Lang, Faris Nassar, Debora Ben-David, Michael Giladi, Eitan Rubinshtein, Avi Itzhaki, Josef Mishal, Yardena Siegman-Igra, Ruth Kitzes, Neora Pick, Zvi Landau, Dana Wolf, Hanna Bin, Ella Mendelson, Silvio D. Pitlik, Miriam Weinberger

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Abstract

West Nile (WN) virus is endemic in Israel. The last reported outbreak had occurred in 1981. From August to October 2000, a large-scale epidemic of WN fever occurred in Israel; 417 cases were confirmed, with 326 hospitalizations. The main clinical presentations were encephalitis (57.9%), febrile disease (24,4%), and meningitis (15.9%). Within the study group, 33 (14.1%) hospitalized patients died. Mortality was higher among patients ≥70 years (29.3%). On multivariate regressional analysis, independent predictors of death were age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR] 7.7), change in level of consciousness (OR 9.0), and anemia (OR 2.7). In contrast to prior reports, WN fever appears to be a severe illness with high rate of central nervous system involvement and a particularly grim outcome in the elderly.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	675-678
Number of pages	4
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	7
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.017414
State	Published - 2001
Externally published	Yes

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Chowers, M. Y., Lang, R., Nassar, F., Ben-David, D., Giladi, M., Rubinshtein, E., Itzhaki, A., Mishal, J., Siegman-Igra, Y., Kitzes, R., Pick, N., Landau, Z., Wolf, D., Bin, H., Mendelson, E., Pitlik, S. D., & Weinberger, M. (2001). Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 7(4), 675-678. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.017414

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title = "Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000",

abstract = "West Nile (WN) virus is endemic in Israel. The last reported outbreak had occurred in 1981. From August to October 2000, a large-scale epidemic of WN fever occurred in Israel; 417 cases were confirmed, with 326 hospitalizations. The main clinical presentations were encephalitis (57.9%), febrile disease (24,4%), and meningitis (15.9%). Within the study group, 33 (14.1%) hospitalized patients died. Mortality was higher among patients ≥70 years (29.3%). On multivariate regressional analysis, independent predictors of death were age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR] 7.7), change in level of consciousness (OR 9.0), and anemia (OR 2.7). In contrast to prior reports, WN fever appears to be a severe illness with high rate of central nervous system involvement and a particularly grim outcome in the elderly.",

author = "Chowers, {Michal Y.} and Ruth Lang and Faris Nassar and Debora Ben-David and Michael Giladi and Eitan Rubinshtein and Avi Itzhaki and Josef Mishal and Yardena Siegman-Igra and Ruth Kitzes and Neora Pick and Zvi Landau and Dana Wolf and Hanna Bin and Ella Mendelson and Pitlik, {Silvio D.} and Miriam Weinberger",

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Chowers, MY, Lang, R, Nassar, F, Ben-David, D, Giladi, M, Rubinshtein, E, Itzhaki, A, Mishal, J, Siegman-Igra, Y, Kitzes, R, Pick, N, Landau, Z, Wolf, D, Bin, H, Mendelson, E, Pitlik, SD & Weinberger, M 2001, 'Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000', Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 675-678. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.017414

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AU - Lang, Ruth

AU - Nassar, Faris

AU - Ben-David, Debora

AU - Giladi, Michael

AU - Rubinshtein, Eitan

AU - Itzhaki, Avi

AU - Mishal, Josef

AU - Siegman-Igra, Yardena

AU - Kitzes, Ruth

AU - Pick, Neora

AU - Landau, Zvi

AU - Wolf, Dana

AU - Bin, Hanna

AU - Mendelson, Ella

AU - Pitlik, Silvio D.

AU - Weinberger, Miriam

PY - 2001

Y1 - 2001

N2 - West Nile (WN) virus is endemic in Israel. The last reported outbreak had occurred in 1981. From August to October 2000, a large-scale epidemic of WN fever occurred in Israel; 417 cases were confirmed, with 326 hospitalizations. The main clinical presentations were encephalitis (57.9%), febrile disease (24,4%), and meningitis (15.9%). Within the study group, 33 (14.1%) hospitalized patients died. Mortality was higher among patients ≥70 years (29.3%). On multivariate regressional analysis, independent predictors of death were age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR] 7.7), change in level of consciousness (OR 9.0), and anemia (OR 2.7). In contrast to prior reports, WN fever appears to be a severe illness with high rate of central nervous system involvement and a particularly grim outcome in the elderly.

AB - West Nile (WN) virus is endemic in Israel. The last reported outbreak had occurred in 1981. From August to October 2000, a large-scale epidemic of WN fever occurred in Israel; 417 cases were confirmed, with 326 hospitalizations. The main clinical presentations were encephalitis (57.9%), febrile disease (24,4%), and meningitis (15.9%). Within the study group, 33 (14.1%) hospitalized patients died. Mortality was higher among patients ≥70 years (29.3%). On multivariate regressional analysis, independent predictors of death were age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR] 7.7), change in level of consciousness (OR 9.0), and anemia (OR 2.7). In contrast to prior reports, WN fever appears to be a severe illness with high rate of central nervous system involvement and a particularly grim outcome in the elderly.

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Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000

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