Carbon-based nanomaterials for hydrogen production and storage applications

Current enhancement in the area of carbon-based nanomaterials used for hydrogen storage is detailed in this chapter. The absorption of hydrogen by pristine carbon-based nanomaterials is improved through various methods such as metal decoration, introducing defects, substitution doping, and producing complex hybrid material. Extremely high amounts of adsorption of hydrogen in a transition metal, however, has problems with surface clusters for many situations. The materials such as lithium and calcium demonstrate better hydrogen absorption without accumulation of metal. Also, graphene-based materials are possible to adsorb hydrogen into layers, thus reinforcing carbon-based nanomaterial into graphene, which acts as a new porous material to adsorb the superior storage of hydrogen.