Biologicals produced from animal cells in culture - An overview

A wide spectrum of biologicals are produced from animal cells in culture. Among these biologicals are viral vaccines (human and veterinary), monoclonal antibodies, immunoregulators, enzymes, hormones, polypeptide growth factors, viral bioinsecticides, tumor antigens, cell mass as a product and reconstitution of living skin. For research and development (R&D) and production of these products requires knowledge and experience in one or more of the following advanced technologies: 1) Development of novel as well as modification of conventional cultivation equipment; 2) Adaptation of cultivation techniques to the production of the desired product; 3) Hybridization technologies; 4) Genetic engineering techniques suitable for animal cells; 5) Development of a wide range of microcarriers and fixed-bed culturing systems; 6) Microencapsulation techniques; 7) Development of suitable media for cell cultivation; 8) Adaptation of suitable protein concentration and purification techniques.