Back-contact perovskite solar cell fabrication via microsphere lithography

Siqi Deng, Boer Tan, Anthony S.R. Chesman, Jianfeng Lu, David P. McMeekin, Qingdong Ou, Andrew D. Scully, Sonia R. Raga, Kevin J. Rietwyk, Anton Weissbach, Boya Zhao, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Yi Bing Cheng, Xiongfeng Lin, Udo Bach

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Back-contact electrodes for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) eliminate the parasitic absorption losses caused by the transparent conductive electrodes that are inherent to conventional sandwich-architecture devices. However, the fabrication methods for these unconventional architectures rely heavily on expensive photolithography, which limits scalability. Herein, we present an alternative cost-effective microfabrication technique in which the conventional photolithography process is replaced by microsphere lithography in which a close-packed polystyrene microsphere monolayer acts as the patterning mask for the honeycomb-shaped electrodes. A comprehensive comparison between photolithography and microsphere lithography fabrication techniques was conducted. Using microsphere lithography, we achieve highly efficient devices having a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.6%, twice the reported value using photolithography. Microsphere lithography also enabled the fabrication of the largest back-contact PSC to date, having an active area of 0.75 cm2 and a stabilized PCE of 2.44%.

Original languageEnglish
Article number107695
JournalNano Energy
Volume102
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2022
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Australian Government through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP) and the Australian Research Council (ARC, DE220100154). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Flexible Electronics Laboratory (FEL) at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton site. S.R.R. acknowledges the support from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). Fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760024. The authors acknowledge Dr. Rowena Yew for the assistance in part of the UV–visible spectroscopy measurements. This work was financially supported by the Australian Government through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP) and the Australian Research Council (ARC, DE220100154). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Flexible Electronics Laboratory (FEL) at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton site. S.R.R. acknowledges the support from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). Fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760024. The authors acknowledge Dr. Rowena Yew for the assistance in part of the UV–visible spectroscopy measurements.

FundersFunder number
“la Caixa” Foundation100010434, LCF/BQ/PI20/11760024
Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics
Australian Government
Australian Research CouncilDE220100154
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Australian Renewable Energy Agency

    Keywords

    • Back-contact electrodes
    • Charge transport distance
    • Honeycomb-shaped
    • Microsphere lithography
    • Perovskite solar cells
    • Scalability

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