An insight into the morphology of DNA compaction induced by homobinuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes

Sushma B. Singh; Avinash S. Kumbhar; Gulshan Walke; Prasad P. Kulkarni

doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111870

An insight into the morphology of DNA compaction induced by homobinuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes

Sushma B. Singh, Avinash S. Kumbhar, Gulshan Walke, Prasad P. Kulkarni

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Binuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru₂(N[sbnd]N)₄(BIPMB)]⁴⁺ (1–4), where N-N = 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido [3,2-d:2′,3′-f] quinoxaline (dpq), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (dppz), have been synthesized using suitable precursors and bridging ligand (BIPMB), where BIPMB = 3,3′-bis-{(imidazol-1-yl)-[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline) methyl}-1,1′-biphenyl. The binding mode and affinity of complexes 1–4 with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were determined by absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The decrease in viscosity of CT-DNA on sequential addition of these complexes indicated DNA condensation and the result was corroborated by circular dichroism (CD). The nanosized globular aggregates of CT-DNA induced by complexes 1–4 were observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The gel electrophoretic mobility studies revealed the small orderly particles of supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA induced by these complexes. Additionally, the morphology and size of compact plasmid DNA condensates were studied by DLS and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The complexes were moderately cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells.

Original language	English
Article number	111870
Journal	Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
Volume	234
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111870
State	Published - Sep 2022
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Funding

SBS and ASK acknowledge Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India for financial support under the scheme SR/S1/IC-25/2010 and Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), SPPU, for ESI-MS data of BIPMB and complex 1-4 and CD measurements; Department of Chemistry, SPPU for DLS measurements. SBS and ASK also acknowledge Dr. S.G. Srivatsan, Mr. Mahesh Jadhav and Mrs. Megha Paygude, IISER Pune, for AFM measurements. PPK acknowledges Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India for funding ( CRG/2018/001882 ). GW thanks Senior Research Fellowship (SRF), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India for the fellowship. SBS thanks Central facility, Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay for elemental analysis, Department of Physics, SPPU for TEM measurements and Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship (IPDF), IIT Bombay for fellowship while drafting a manuscript. SBS and ASK acknowledge Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India for financial support under the scheme SR/S1/IC-25/2010 and Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), SPPU, for ESI-MS data of BIPMB and complex 1-4 and CD measurements; Department of Chemistry, SPPU for DLS measurements. SBS and ASK also acknowledge Dr. S.G. Srivatsan, Mr. Mahesh Jadhav and Mrs. Megha Paygude, IISER Pune, for AFM measurements. PPK acknowledges Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India for funding (CRG/2018/001882). GW thanks Senior Research Fellowship (SRF), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India for the fellowship. SBS thanks Central facility, Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay for elemental analysis, Department of Physics, SPPU for TEM measurements and Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship (IPDF), IIT Bombay for fellowship while drafting a manuscript.

Funders	Funder number
Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India	SR/S1/IC-25/2010
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
Science and Engineering Research Board	CRG/2018/001882
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune
Savitribai Phule Pune University

Keywords

Atomic force microscopy
Cytotoxicity
DNA condensation
Dynamic light scattering
Homobinuclear ruthenium (II) complex
Transmission electron microscopy

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10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111870

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title = "An insight into the morphology of DNA compaction induced by homobinuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes",

abstract = "Binuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru2(N[sbnd]N)4(BIPMB)]4+ (1–4), where N-N = 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido [3,2-d:2′,3′-f] quinoxaline (dpq), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (dppz), have been synthesized using suitable precursors and bridging ligand (BIPMB), where BIPMB = 3,3′-bis-{(imidazol-1-yl)-[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline) methyl}-1,1′-biphenyl. The binding mode and affinity of complexes 1–4 with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were determined by absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The decrease in viscosity of CT-DNA on sequential addition of these complexes indicated DNA condensation and the result was corroborated by circular dichroism (CD). The nanosized globular aggregates of CT-DNA induced by complexes 1–4 were observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The gel electrophoretic mobility studies revealed the small orderly particles of supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA induced by these complexes. Additionally, the morphology and size of compact plasmid DNA condensates were studied by DLS and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The complexes were moderately cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells.",

keywords = "Atomic force microscopy, Cytotoxicity, DNA condensation, Dynamic light scattering, Homobinuclear ruthenium (II) complex, Transmission electron microscopy",

author = "Singh, {Sushma B.} and Kumbhar, {Avinash S.} and Gulshan Walke and Kulkarni, {Prasad P.}",

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AU - Kulkarni, Prasad P.

PY - 2022/9

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N2 - Binuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru2(N[sbnd]N)4(BIPMB)]4+ (1–4), where N-N = 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido [3,2-d:2′,3′-f] quinoxaline (dpq), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (dppz), have been synthesized using suitable precursors and bridging ligand (BIPMB), where BIPMB = 3,3′-bis-{(imidazol-1-yl)-[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline) methyl}-1,1′-biphenyl. The binding mode and affinity of complexes 1–4 with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were determined by absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The decrease in viscosity of CT-DNA on sequential addition of these complexes indicated DNA condensation and the result was corroborated by circular dichroism (CD). The nanosized globular aggregates of CT-DNA induced by complexes 1–4 were observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The gel electrophoretic mobility studies revealed the small orderly particles of supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA induced by these complexes. Additionally, the morphology and size of compact plasmid DNA condensates were studied by DLS and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The complexes were moderately cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells.

AB - Binuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru2(N[sbnd]N)4(BIPMB)]4+ (1–4), where N-N = 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido [3,2-d:2′,3′-f] quinoxaline (dpq), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (dppz), have been synthesized using suitable precursors and bridging ligand (BIPMB), where BIPMB = 3,3′-bis-{(imidazol-1-yl)-[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline) methyl}-1,1′-biphenyl. The binding mode and affinity of complexes 1–4 with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were determined by absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The decrease in viscosity of CT-DNA on sequential addition of these complexes indicated DNA condensation and the result was corroborated by circular dichroism (CD). The nanosized globular aggregates of CT-DNA induced by complexes 1–4 were observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The gel electrophoretic mobility studies revealed the small orderly particles of supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA induced by these complexes. Additionally, the morphology and size of compact plasmid DNA condensates were studied by DLS and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The complexes were moderately cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells.

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An insight into the morphology of DNA compaction induced by homobinuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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