An EEG-Based Neuroplastic Approach to Predictive Coding in People With Schizophrenia or Traumatic Brain Injury

Jonathan K. Wynn, Michael F. Green

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Despite different etiologies, people with schizophrenia (SCZ) or with traumatic brain injury (TBI) both show aberrant neuroplasticity. One neuroplastic mechanism that may be affected is prediction error coding. We used a roving mismatch negativity (rMMN) paradigm which uses different lengths of standard tone trains and is optimized to assess predictive coding. Twenty-five SCZ, 22 TBI (mild to moderate), and 25 healthy controls were assessed. We used a frequency-deviant rMMN in which the number of standards preceding the deviant was either 2, 6, or 36. We evaluated repetition positivity to the standard tone immediately preceding a deviant tone (repetition positivity [RP], to assess formation of the memory trace), deviant negativity to the deviant stimulus (deviant negativity [DN], which reflects signaling of a prediction error), and the difference wave between the 2 (the MMN). We found that SCZ showed reduced DN and MMN compared with healthy controls and with people with mild to moderate TBI. We did not detect impairments in any index (RP, DN, or MMN) in people with TBI compared to controls. Our findings suggest that prediction error coding assessed with rMMN is aberrant in SCZ but intact in TBI, though there is a suggestion that severity of head injury results in poorer prediction error coding.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)445-454
Number of pages10
JournalClinical EEG and Neuroscience
Volume55
Issue number4
Early online date6 May 2024
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2024
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ECNS) 2024.

Keywords

  • mismatch negativity
  • neuroplasticity
  • predictive coding
  • schizophrenia
  • traumatic brain injury

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