Abstract
While the number of publications in the PEM water electrolysis community increases each year, no common ground concerning reference hardware (test cells and test bench) and testing protocols has been yet established. This would, however, be necessary for the comparability of experimental results. First attempts for such reference hardware and procedures have been made in the framework of the Task 30 Electrolysis within the Technology Collaboration Programme on Advanced Fuel Cells (AFC TCP) of the International Energy Agency (IEA). Since then, improvements of both the test hardware (test cell and components) as well as the measurement protocol were identified, and a revised methodology and key results based on a comprehensive measurement series have been obtained. A detailed protocol for testing commercial reference components with a reference laboratory test cell developed in-house by Fraunhofer ISE is presented. For evaluation of the protocol and the hardware, it was tested at three different institutions at the same time. Impedance spectroscopic and polarization data was acquired and analyzed. The obtained differences in performance were calculated to give the community an expectation window to compare own data to. Finally, the importance of a thorough temperature control and the conditioning phase are demonstrated.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 121898 |
| Journal | Applied Energy |
| Volume | 352 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 15 Dec 2023 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2023
Funding
The authors would like to thank Dieter Hellert and Thomas Favet from the company Bekaert as well as Jan Byrknes and Armin Bayer from the company Greenerity for the good collaboration and for their permission to publish the results obtained with their products. We would like to thank Nikolai Utsch (Forschungszentrum Jülich) for his knowledgeable contributions during the revision of this article. Scientific discussions with experts from the Advanced Fuel Cells (AFC) Technology Collaboration Programme (TCP), Task 30 part of the Technology Platform of the International Energy Agency (IEA), are gratefully acknowledged. The Advanced Fuel Cells Technology Collaboration Programme covered the publication costs. Fraunhofer ISE acknowledges the funding of the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) of the project POWER-MEE ( 03SF0536D ), in which the used test cell was originally developed and the project HyThroughGen ( 03HY108B ), which contributed to the development of the test protocol. This work was authored in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory , operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 . Funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (HFTO), Award No. DE-EE0008836 . The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. The authors would like to thank Dieter Hellert and Thomas Favet from the company Bekaert as well as Jan Byrknes and Armin Bayer from the company Greenerity for the good collaboration and for their permission to publish the results obtained with their products. We would like to thank Nikolai Utsch (Forschungszentrum Jülich) for his knowledgeable contributions during the revision of this article. Scientific discussions with experts from the Advanced Fuel Cells (AFC) Technology Collaboration Programme (TCP), Task 30 part of the Technology Platform of the International Energy Agency (IEA), are gratefully acknowledged. The Advanced Fuel Cells Technology Collaboration Programme covered the publication costs. Fraunhofer ISE acknowledges the funding of the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) of the project POWER-MEE (03SF0536D), in which the used test cell was originally developed and the project HyThroughGen (03HY108B), which contributed to the development of the test protocol. This work was authored in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (HFTO), Award No. DE-EE0008836. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Nikolai Utsch | |
| U.S. Government | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC36-08GO28308 |
| Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy | |
| National Renewable Energy Laboratory | |
| Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office | DE-EE0008836 |
| Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung | 03SF0536D, 03HY108B |
| International Energy Agency |
Keywords
- AFC TCP Task 30
- Benchmarking
- Conditioning of catalyst coated membrane
- Harmonized test protocol
- PEM water electrolysis
- Reproducibility
